Rubix LS Diabetic Kidney Disease (DKD) Registry Study

This study is a prospective, multi-site observational patient registry designed to characterize real-world diabetic kidney disease (DKD) trajectories, care patterns, and outcomes in care settings that serve underserved communities. The registry is intended to generate representative evidence that reflects routine clinical practice and to identify clinical and non-clinical factors that influence DKD progression and care delivery.

Participants will continue to receive all medical care as determined by their treating clinicians; no treatments, diagnostic tests, or clinical management decisions are assigned by the registry. Longitudinal data will be captured primarily from existing sources (e.g., electronic health records and, where available, linked administrative/claims data), including kidney function and albuminuria measures, cardiometabolic risk factors, comorbid conditions, medication exposure and persistence, clinically relevant safety events, and healthcare utilization. Participants will also be invited to complete brief questionnaires to capture patient-reported outcomes and social determinants of health (SDOH), including access and care barriers that may affect treatment initiation, monitoring, and outcomes.

The registry will support descriptive and comparative effectiveness analyses using appropriate observational methods to address confounding and missingness, and will enable development and validation of risk stratification and treatment-response models to inform precision therapy targeting and equitable implementation in real-world settings. A core emphasis is the creation of a high-quality, standardized dataset with clear provenance and data quality checks to support reproducible research.

Data sharing is a foundational component of the registry. With explicit participant consent and privacy safeguards, de-identified participant-level data and supporting documentation may be made available to qualified researchers under the data access approach described in the IPD sharing plan. Finally, findings and infrastructure developed through this registry (e.g., trial-ready sites, validated phenotypes, and risk models) are intended to inform the design of a subsequent Phase IV pragmatic study, which would be conducted under a separate protocol and separately registered, with re-contact and re-consent as applicable.

Inclusion criteria

Age ≥18 years at the time of enrollment

Documented diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the medical record

Evidence of chronic kidney disease consistent with diabetic kidney disease (DKD), defined by one or more of the following, with evidence of chronicity (present for ≥3 months based on prior laboratory results, diagnosis codes, or clinician documentation):

eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m², and/or

Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) ≥30 mg/g

Receiving ongoing clinical care at a participating site with medical record data available for longitudinal follow-up

Able and willing to provide written informed consent (and authorization for medical record review, as applicable) and to complete registry questionnaires

Exclusion criteria

End-stage kidney disease at baseline (maintenance dialysis) or history of kidney transplant

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Known primary kidney disease not primarily attributable to diabetes that, in the investigator's judgment, is expected to drive kidney outcomes (e.g., polycystic kidney disease, active glomerulonephritis, lupus nephritis, vasculitis)

Inability to provide informed consent or comply with registry procedures (e.g., no feasible longitudinal follow-up through the participating site)