Rivastigmine BA Trial With Multiple Application of Transdermal Patches, Adaptation and Tapering Phase

This will be a single centre, open-label, randomised (order of treatments), balanced, 2-period, 2-sequence, cross-over trial with multiple applications of rivastigmine transdermal patches. There will be no wash-out, i.e. the first investigational patch application of the second study period will take place the day of the last investigational patch removal of the first study period (direct switch-over).

Prior to start of first treatment, there will be an adaptation phase with 4 consecutive applications of Exelon® 9.5 mg/24 hours transdermal patch over a period of 4 days (each patch will be applied for 24 hours). Following the removal of the last investigational patch in period II, there will be a post-treatment tapering phase with 2 consecutive applications of Exelon® 9.5 mg/24 hours transdermal patch over a period of 2 days (each patch will be applied for 24 hours).

Furthermore, during the adaptation phase, both study periods and the tapering phase, scopolamine transdermal patches will be applied as co-medication to attenuate effects of rivastigmine and reduce Adverse Events.

Inclusion criteria

• Sex: male
• Ethnic origin: Caucasian
• Age: 18 - 50 years, inclusive
• Body-mass index2 (BMI): >=18.5 kg/m² and <= 30.0 kg/m²
• Good state of health
• Non-smoker or ex-smoker for at least 6 months
• Written informed consent, after having been informed about benefits and potential risks of the clinical trial, as well as details of the insurance taken out to cover the subjects participating in the clinical trial

Exclusion criteria

• Existing cardiac and/or haematological diseases or pathological findings, which might interfere with the safety or tolerability of the active ingredients (especially sick sinus syndrome or conduction defects such as sino-atrial block, atrio-ventricular block, arrhythmia, bradycardia)
• Existing hepatic and/or renal diseases or pathological findings, which might interfere with the safety or tolerability, and/or pharmacokinetics of the active ingredients (especially predisposition to urinary obstruction and seizures or other conditions with difficulty in passing water owing to an impeded flow of urine (e.g. in diseases of the prostate))
• Existing gastrointestinal diseases or pathological findings, which might interfere with the safety, tolerability, absorption and/or pharmacokinetics of the active ingredients (especially active gastric or duodenal ulcers or predisposition to these conditions, pyloric stenosis, intestinal obstruction)
• History of relevant CNS and/or psychiatric disorders and/or currently treated CNS and/or psychiatric disorders (e.g. cerebral sclerosis)
• History of asthma or obstructive pulmonary disease
• Glaucoma or any indications from case history that there might be raised intra-ocular pressure (e.g. pressure pain, blurred vision, glaucomatous halo)
• Known allergic reactions to the active ingredients used or to constituents of the pharmaceutical preparations or previous history of application site reactions suggestive of allergic contact dermatitis with rivastigmine or scopolamine patch
• Subjects with severe allergies or multiple drug allergies unless it is judged as not relevant for the clinical trial by the investigator
• Body weight below 65 kg
• Systolic blood pressure < 90 or ≥ 140 mmHg
• Diastolic blood pressure < 60 or >90 mmHg
• Heart rate < 60 bpm or > 90 bpm
• QTc interval > 450 ms
• Laboratory values out of normal range unless the deviation from normal is judged as not relevant for the clinical trial by the investigator
• ASAT > 20 % ULN, ALAT > 10 % ULN, bilirubin > 20% ULN (except in case of existing Morbus Gilbert-Meulengracht deduced from anamnesis/medical history) and creatinine > 0.1 mg/dL ULN (limit of > 0.1 mg/dL correspondents to of > 9 μmol/l ULN).
• Positive anti-HIV-test (if positive to be verified by western blot), HBs-AG-test or anti-HCV-test
• Presence or history of acute or chronic diseases especially of the skin, which could affect dermal absorption or metabolism, which may interfere with the bioavailability and /or the pharmacokinetics of scopolamine or rivastigmine patches based on assessment of the investigator
• Skin abnormality (e.g. tattoo or scar) at the application site
• Acute or chronic diseases which may interfere with the pharmacokinetics of scopolamine or rivastigmine patches
• History of or current drug or alcohol dependence
• Positive alcohol or drug test at screening examination
• Regular intake of alcoholic food or beverages of ≥ 40 g pure ethanol per day
• Subjects who are on a diet which could affect the pharmacokinetics of the active ingredients
• Regular intake of caffeine containing food or beverages of ≥ 500 mg caffeine per day
• Blood donation or other blood loss of more than 400 ml within the last 2 months prior to individual enrolment of the subject
• Administration of any investigational medicinal product during the last 2 months prior to individual enrolment of the subject
• Regular treatment with any systemically available medication
• Subjects practising top-performance sports (more than 4 x 2 h per week)
• Subjects suspected or known not to follow instructions
• Subjects who are unable to understand the written and verbal instructions, in particular regarding the risks and inconveniences they will be exposed to during their participation in the clinical trial -