Restrictive vs Goal Directed Fluid Therapy During Hepatobiliary Surgery

Restrictive fluid administration aiming at maintaining a low central venous pressure (low-CVP) during liver surgery has always been considered as a "gold standard" strategy because it decrease blood loss and improve the quality of the surgical field. However, this strategy , rather "restrictive", can be associated with patient harm (mainly AKI).

Today, Goal directed fluid therapy (GDFT) is a well accepted strategy to optimize fluid administration in patients undergoing major surgery.Some studies have shown that this strategy is feasible for such patient population.

There is currently a lack of data supporting the advantage of one strategy over the other in this patient population.While a restrictive fluid strategy can advantage the surgeon, it can also disadvantage the patient as in order to avoid hypotension, vasopressors administration is required. If the patient is hypovolemic, such strategy may cause acute kidney injury.

The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to compare these two strategies on Urethral Perfusion index measured with a new Foley catheter with embedded photoplethysmographic sensing technology). This new technology allows for continuous and easy monitoring of urethral tissue perfusion

The investigators hypothesis is that patients in the GDFT group will have better Urethral Perfusion index (uPI) during surgery (via a better cardiac blood flow optimization) compared to patients in the restrictive (low CVP) group.

Inclusion criteria

-All adults patients undergoing a liver surgery and equipped with a cardiac output monitoring device

Exclusion criteria

-Atrial fibrillation