Resection/Synchronous Pulmonary or Hepatic Oligometastatic Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

This is an interventional, open-label, non-randomized, single-arm clinical trial with 2 cohorts. Patients who have hepatic or pulmonary oligometastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas and who receive neoadjuvant Liposomal Irinotecan Combined with Oxaliplatin and 5-Fluoracil/Folinic Acid (NALIRIFOX) chemotherapy pre-operatively are eligible. In patients with progressive disease during or after the first four cycles, patients will become ineligible. Patients with tumor response or stable disease after the first 4 cycles but a non-resectable primary tumor according to the evaluation of an interdisciplinary tumor board will receive 4 more cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy as per standard of care. Patients with a technically resectable primary tumor and tumor response or stable disease of their metastatic disease according to the evaluation of an interdisciplinary tumor board after the first 4 cycles will undergo exploratory laparotomy and synchronous or staged resection of the primary tumor and the hepatic or pulmonary metastases by using the standard of care surgical techniques 2-6 weeks after the last neoadjuvant chemotherapy. If the primary tumor is deemed unresectable by the surgeon during exploratory laparotomy, these patients may receive 4 more cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy as per standard of care 2-4 weeks after the exploratory laparotomy.

Inclusion criteria

• Histologically confirmed diagnosis of treatment-naïve limited hepatic or pulmonary metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas
• Meet the definition of limited hepatic or pulmonary metastasis according to Computed Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging (CT/MRI) that is done prior to the starting of any anticancer treatment. Either CT scan of chest, abdomen, and pelvis with intravenous contrast or a combination of MRI of abdomen and pelvis and CT scan of chest is acceptable radiographic imaging. CT/MRI can be done at an outside facility but must be reviewed by a local radiologist.

• Definition of limited hepatic metastasis: 1 to 5 metastases in CT/MRI, which are potentially resectable or treatable by ablative procedures.

• Note 1: Patients also fulfil this inclusion criterion if a hepatic metastasis was partly or entirely removed as part of the diagnosis and is thus not detectable by CT/MRI scan at screening.
• Note 2: If more than 5 metastases are unexpectedly detected during surgery, it is not a violation of this inclusion criterion if the excess metastases had not been detectable by CT/MRI scan at screening.
• Definition of limited pulmonary metastasis: 1 to 4 pulmonary nodules seen on CT/MRI, suspicious for pulmonary metastases as per the multidisciplinary tumor board radiologist and surgeon.
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-1
• Patients ≥18 years at the time of signing the informed consent
• Being a candidate for chemotherapy with NALIRIFOX
• Patient's written informed consent prior to any trial-specific procedure
• Patient's legal capacity to consent to participation in the clinical trial.

Exclusion criteria

• Acinar cell carcinoma and/or neuroendocrine carcinoma of the pancreas
• Symptomatic clinically significant ascites
• Evidence of any distant metastases other than limited hepatic or pulmonary metastasis as defined in inclusion criterion 1.
• Evidence of simultaneous pulmonary and hepatic metastases
• Any tumor-specific pretreatment of the adenocarcinoma of the pancreas (including but not limited to surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy or ablative procedures). Currently being on NALIRIFOX or its modified form is allowed, unless more than 2 treatments of NALIRIFOX have been given.
• Any malignancies other than adenocarcinoma of the pancreas in the 2 years before the start of the clinical trial except for adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer, in situ cervical cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer or superficial bladder tumors (Ta, Tis and T1 staging where Ta=non-invasive; Tis=high-grade, flat non-invasive cancer in situ; T1=relatively small primary tumor that has not spread to surrounding tissues)
• Known Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) seropositivity
• Known active or chronic Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C infection
• Known glucuronidation deficiency (Gilbert's syndrome)
• Any other severe concomitant disease or disorder, which could influence patient's ability to participate in the clinical trial and his/her safety during the trial or interfere with interpretation of results, e.g., severe hepatic, renal, pulmonary, cardiovascular, metabolic or psychiatric disorders