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Completed

NCT Number: NCT04785677

Researching Resiliency in Stressful Experiences (RISE) Program for Men Leaving Incarceration

The investigators are conducting a randomized controlled trial to assess the impact of Resiliency in Stressful Experiences (RISE) - a comprehensive trauma-based program for young men releasing from a southeastern state's prisons. The investigators are assessing whether treating trauma and providing other transitional supports - such as employment assistance - as young men return home will help to improve their community stability and enhance their psychological well-being, in turn, resulting in less likelihood that a person will become incarcerated in the future.

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Key information

About this study

The five-year study is a two-armed, randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of a comprehensive trauma-based reentry program for young men assessed as moderate to high risk for recidivism as they are released to the community. Four Hundred young males who were released from one of ten Florida prisons into our target counties were randomly assigned to receive a comprehensive trauma-based reentry program or treatment as usual. The effectiveness of the reentry program was evaluated on mechanisms of change (trauma symptoms, coping, impulsivity, and aggression), community stability (housing, employment), and recidivism.

Research questions are: Does a comprehensive trauma-based research program improve key mechanisms of change for moderate to high-risk young males? Does a comprehensive trauma-based reentry program improve community stability for moderate to high-risk young males? Does a comprehensive trauma-based reentry program decrease rates of recidivism for moderate to high-risk young males? Research questions 1 and 2 were analyzed using ANCOVA, and Research Question 3 will be analyzed using survival analysis. We also used a Research-to-Practice Feedback Loop to catalyze rapid assessment of intervention and implementation refinement to increase participant responsivity.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Males
  • Ages 18-35
  • Have experienced at least one lifetime traumatic event
  • Released from incarceration to Suwanee, Leon, Duval or Columbia County, Florida.
  • Conversational in English
  • Being able to cognitively consent

Exclusion criteria

  • Younger than 18 years old
  • Older than 35 years old
  • Has not experienced at least one lifetime traumatic event
  • Not cognitively able to understand
  • Not conversational in English
  • Not releasing from incarceration to Suwanee, Leon, Duval or Columbia County, Florida.

Treatment and study plan

Resiliency in Stressful Experiences (RISE) Program

Behavioral

The Resiliency in Stressful Experiences (RISE) Program is a multi-phased comprehensive trauma based reentry program designed based on the transitional nature of reentry. Participants will receive up to 4 sessions prior to release and up tp 15 session post release from prison. The RISE program is a trauma intervention paired with reentry services, including housing support and employment assistance.

Other names: Comprehensive Trauma-Based Reentry Program

Primary outcomes

  1. Housing Stability

    Time frame: 4 months post release

    Stable housing was defined as living in one's own room, apartment, or house, or with family, with an expected duration of residence of 4 months or more, or tenancy rights. A 10- item measure will assess housing stability.

  2. Housing Stability

    Time frame: 8 months post release

    Stable housing was defined as living in one's own room, apartment, or house, or with family, with an expected duration of residence of 4 months or more, or tenancy rights. A 10- item measure will assess housing stability.

  3. Employment Stability

    Time frame: 4 months post release

    Employment Stability is measure on a continuum, based on the number of jobs held in the last 4 months and number of days worked at each Employment. The employment must be for at least 15 hours a week. A 10-item measure will assess employment stability

  4. Employment Stability

    Time frame: 8 months post release

    Employment Stability is based on the number of jobs held in the last 4 months and number of days worked at each Employment. The employment must be for at least 15 hours a week. A 10-item measure will assess employment stability

  5. Brief Symptom Inventory

    Time frame: 4 months post release

    Utilizing the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) to assess depression and anxiety symptoms in participants. The BSI is a 53-item self-report screening tool that asks respondents to rate their level of psychological distress over the past seven days based on a five-point Likert scale (0 = "not at all" to 5 = "extremely"). The BSI provides subscale scores on dimensions of somatization, depression, and anxiety as well as a Global Severity Index (GSI) that is calculated based on a sum of all items. Subscale scores range from 0 to 4. Higher scores on the BSI indicate higher levels of symptomology.

  6. Brief Symptom Inventory

    Time frame: 8 months post release

    Utilizing the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) to assess depression and anxiety symptoms in participants. The BSI is a 53-item self-report screening tool that asks respondents to rate their level of psychological distress over the past seven days based on a five-point Likert scale (0 = "not at all" to 5 = "extremely"). The BSI provides subscale scores on dimensions of somatization, depression, and anxiety as well as a Global Severity Index (GSI) that is calculated based on a sum of all items. Subscale scores range from 0 to 4. Higher scores on the BSI indicate higher levels of symptomology.

  7. Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview

    Time frame: 4 months post release

    Utilizing the 9-item substance use disorder subscale of the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) to assess current incidence of substance use disorders. Items are rated on a dichotomous Yes/No scale and follow psychiatric guidelines of the DSM-5.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Recidivism-violation

    Time frame: 1 year post release

    Number of days to reincarceration for a technical violation.

  2. Recidivism-violation

    Time frame: 2 year post release

    Number of days to reincarceration for a technical violation.

  3. Recidivism-violation

    Time frame: 3 year post release

    Number of days to reincarceration for a technical violation.

  4. Recidivism-new Crime

    Time frame: 1 year post release

    Number of days to reincarceration for a new crime.

  5. Recidivism-new Crime

    Time frame: 2 year post release

    Number of days to reincarceration for a new crime.

  6. Recidivism-new Crime

    Time frame: 3 year post release

    Number of days to reincarceration for a new crime.

Other outcomes

  1. Depressive Symptoms

    Time frame: 8 months post release

    Depressive symptoms marked by dysphoric mood, inactivity, lack of interest, insomnia, feelings of worthlessness, diminished ability to think, and thoughts of suicide. Depressive symptoms will be measured using the Brief Symptom Inventory, a 53-items with a 6 question sub-scale of depressive symptoms were a respondent characterizes the intensity of distress (0 ="not at all" to 4="extremely").The higher score the more depressive symptoms.

  2. Anxiety Symptoms

    Time frame: 8 months post release

    Anxiety symptoms identified as apprehension or fear of impending actual or imagined danger, vulnerability, or uncertainty. Anxiety Symptoms will be measured using the Brief Symptom Inventory is a 53-items with a 6 question sub-scale of anxiety symptoms were a respondent characterizes the intensity of distress (0 ="not at all" to 4="extremely").The higher score the more symptoms of anxiety.

  3. Incidence of Substance Use Disorder

    Time frame: 8 months post release

    A pathological pattern of impairment related to the overuse of, or dependence on, psychoactive drugs, prescription medications, or other substances. A 9-item substance use disorder subscale of the MINI assesses current incidence of substance use disorders. Items are rated on a dichotomous Yes/No scale and follow psychiatric guidelines of the DSM-5.

  4. Coping Self-Efficacy Scale

    Time frame: 4 months post release

    Utilizing the Coping Self-Efficacy Scale (CSES) to assess coping self-efficacy. The CSES is an 26-item self-report tool that asks respondents to indicate if they feel they can do accomplish 26 specific things if when they are having problems. Responses are based on an 11-point Likert scale (0 = "Cannot do at all" to 10 = "Certain can do"). The CSES provides subscale scores on dimensions of problem-focused coping, stopping unpleasant emotions and thoughts, and social support as well as a total coping self-efficacy score that is calculated based on a sum of all items. Problem focused subscale scores range from 0 to 60, emotion-focused subscale scores range from 0 to 40, and social support subscale scores range from 0 to 30. The total coping self-efficacy score ranges from 0 to 260. Higher scores indicate higher levels of coping self-efficacy.

  5. Coping Self-efficacy

    Time frame: 8 months post release

    he CSES is an 26-item self-report tool that asks respondents to indicate if they feel they can do accomplish 26 specific things if when they are having problems. Responses are based on an 11-point Likert scale (0 = "Cannot do at all" to 10 = "Certain can do"). The CSES provides subscale scores on dimensions of problem-focused coping, stopping unpleasant emotions and thoughts, and social support as well as a total coping self-efficacy score that is calculated based on a sum of all items. Problem focused subscale scores range from 0 to 60, emotion-focused subscale scores range from 0 to 40, and social support subscale scores range from 0 to 30. The total coping self-efficacy score ranges from 0 to 260. Higher scores indicate higher levels of coping self-efficacy.

  6. Barratt Impulsivity Scale

    Time frame: 4 months post release

    Utilizing the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS) to assess general impulsiveness on six first-order factors (attention, motor, self-control, cognitive complexity, perseverance, and cognitive instability impulsiveness) and three second-order factors (attentional, motor, and non-planning impulsiveness). The BIS is composed of 30 items describing common impulsive or non-impulsive (for reverse scored items) behaviors and preferences. Participants select a number on the following scale: 1 if you rarely or never act or think that way, 2 if you occasionally think that way, 3 if you often think that way, or 4 if you almost or always think that way. Scores range from 30 to 120. A higher score indicates greater impulsivity.

  7. Barratt Impulsivity Scale

    Time frame: 8 months post release

    Utilizing the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS) to assess general impulsiveness on six first-order factors (attention, motor, self-control, cognitive complexity, perseverance, and cognitive instability impulsiveness) and three second-order factors (attentional, motor, and non-planning impulsiveness). The BIS is composed of 30 items describing common impulsive or non-impulsive (for reverse scored items) behaviors and preferences. Participants select a number on the following scale: 1 if you rarely or never act or think that way, 2 if you occasionally think that way, 3 if you often think that way, or 4 if you almost or always think that way. Scores range from 30 to 120. A higher score indicates greater impulsivity.

  8. Ryff Psychological Wellbeing Index

    Time frame: 4 months post release

    Utilizing the Ryff Psychological Wellbeing Index to assess participant wellbeing. The Ryff is an 18-item self-report tool that asks respondents to indicate how strongly they agree or disagree with 18 statements. Responses are based on a seven-point Likert scale (1 = "strongly agree" to 7 = "strongly disagree"). The Ryff provides subscale scores on dimensions of autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life, and self-acceptance as well as a global wellbeing index that is calculated based on a sum of all items. Subscale scores range from 3 to 21 and the global wellbeing scores range from 18 to 126. Higher scores indicate higher levels of wellbeing.

  9. Ryff Psychological Wellbeing Index

    Time frame: 8 months post release

    Utilizing the Ryff Psychological Wellbeing Index to assess participant wellbeing. The Ryff is an 18-item self-report tool that asks respondents to indicate how strongly they agree or disagree with 18 statements. Responses are based on a seven-point Likert scale (1 = "strongly agree" to 7 = "strongly disagree"). The Ryff provides subscale scores on dimensions of autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life, and self-acceptance as well as a global wellbeing index that is calculated based on a sum of all items. Subscale scores range from 3 to 21 and the global wellbeing scores range from 18 to 126. Higher scores indicate higher levels of wellbeing.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Florida State University

Other

Collaborators

  • U.S. Department of Justice

Registry information

Official study title

Multisite Randomized Controlled Trial of Comprehensive Trauma Informed Reentry Services for Moderate to High Risk Youth Releasing From State Prisons

Important dates

Study start
2021
Primary completion
2023
Study completion
2024
First posted
Mar 8, 2021
Registry last updated
Mar 11, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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