Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) for Dystonia and Tremor

The primary goal of this study is to compare differences in cortical activity of patients with tremor before and after applying a session of rTMS. Specifically, the investigators will apply rTMS to the primary motor cortex (M1) as our group and others have shown abnormal function of the region. Moreover, a study shows that targeting of M1 and the dorsal premotor cortex (dPMC) with rTMS results in a trend towards improved clinical outcome in patients with focal hand dystonia and cervical dystonia. The central hypothesis of this study is that rTMS can modify cortical oscillations in patient populations with tremor and that the investigators will be able to detect these changes with the use of Electroencephalography (EEG). By applying inhibitory rTMS to the motor cortices, the investigators may expect a shift in cortical oscillations towards normal activity.

Inclusion criteria

for Dystonia and/or tremor:

• Diagnosis of Dystonia and/or tremor according to the Consensus Statement of the Movement Disorders Society

Exclusion criteria

Dystonia and/or tremor:

• Pregnancy
• Active seizure disorder
• Presence of a metallic object such as a pacemaker, implants, metal rods, and hearing aid
• History of stroke

Inclusion criteria

for Healthy controls

• There is no history of any neurological disorders.

Exclusion criteria

for Healthy controls

• Pregnancy
• Any neurological disorders
• Presence of a metallic body in their brain
• History of stroke