Skip to main content
OpenTrials
Completed

NCT Number: NCT06048068

Removing Surrogates' Uncertainty to Reduce Fear and Anxiety After Cardiac Events

The goal of this study is to test the feasibility and acceptability of an informational website to reduce uncertainty, psychological distress, and caregiver burden among close family members of cardiac arrest patients. The investigators hypothesize that participants who receive access to the website will have lower rates of uncertainty, psychological distress, and caregiver burden at 3 months post-hospital discharge compared to participants who receive usual care.

Completed

Looking for future studies?

Notify Me

Key information

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Columbia University Medical Center/New York Presbyterian

New York, 10032, United States

About this study

This study will be an unblinded, two-arm randomized controlled trial that enrolls up to 100 adult surrogates of living cardiac arrest patients hospitalized in the New York Presbyterian hospital system. Participants must be English- or Spanish-speaking and have a device with internet access. Participants will be randomized 2:1 to receive the informational intervention program or usual care (control).

Intervention arm participants will receive the informational intervention in three discrete packages upon study enrollment, movement to the general medical floor, and at one month post-discharge. All participants will be assessed at study enrollment, hospital discharge, and 3 months post-discharge for their illness uncertainty, psychological distress, and caregiver burden. All participants will also wear a GENEActiv sleep monitor to track their sleep for one week following hospital discharge.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • 18 years of age or older
  • Surrogate of a living NewYork Presbyterian Hospital cardiac arrest patient
  • English- or Spanish-speaking
  • Has a working smartphone, tablet, laptop, or other device with internet access

Exclusion criteria

  • Any medical and/or psychiatric impairment precluding them from complying with the protocol
  • Non-English and non-Spanish speaking
  • Lack of internet/device access
  • Surrogate of an adult CA patient who passed away
  • Cannot be reached for initial contact (3 unsuccessful attempts made in ICU)
  • Moved to the in-patient floor before initial contact can be established

Treatment and study plan

Educational Informational Platform

Behavioral

This intervention contains many informational articles for surrogates about cardiac arrest, the subsequent hospitalization, and the emotional journey following cardiac arrest. All articles are available in both English and Spanish.

Other names: Heartsight website, ourheartsight.com

Primary outcomes

  1. Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale Score - Family Member Form

    Time frame: Data was collected at study enrollment in the ICU (baseline), at hospital discharge (approximately 21 days after baseline), and 3 months post-hospital discharge. The data at 3 months post-discharge is reported

    This metric is a 31-item scale measuring surrogates' self-reported uncertainty related to their loved one's cardiac arrest. Participants will be asked to answer from a scale of 1 to 5, 1 being 'Strongly Disagree' and 5 being 'Strongly Agree.' The scale will be scored out of 155. A higher score indicates a greater level of uncertainty.

Secondary outcomes

  1. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5) Score

    Time frame: Data was collected at study enrollment in the ICU (baseline), at hospital discharge (approximately 21 days after baseline), and 3 months post-hospital discharge. The data at 3 months post-discharge is reported

    This metric is a 20-item measure of self-reported post-traumatic stress symptoms as defined by the DSM-5. Participants will be asked to score their answer from 0 to 4, 0 being 'Not at all,' and 4 being 'Extremely.' The total score will be out of 80. A higher score indicates more severe PTSD symptoms.

  2. Cardiac Anxiety Questionnaire Score - Fear Subscale

    Time frame: Data was collected at hospital discharge (approximately 21 days after baseline) and 3 months post-hospital discharge. The data at 3 months post-discharge is reported

    This 8-item metric measures surrogates' self-reported fear of their loved one's cardiac-related stimuli and sensations due to perceived negative consequences. Participants will be asked to rank answers from 1 to 5, 1 being 'Never' and 5 being 'Always.' The total will be out of 40. A higher score indicates more fear and worry related to the heart.

  3. Zarit Burden Interview 12-item Short Form Score

    Time frame: At 3 months post-discharge.

    This 12-item metric measures surrogates' self-reported caregiver burden. Participants will be asked to score their answers from 0 to 4, 0 being "Never," and 4 being "Always." The total score is taken out of 48. A higher total score indicates a greater degree of caregiver burden.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Columbia University

Other

Collaborators

  • National Institute on Aging (NIA)

Registry information

Official study title

Removing Surrogates' Uncertainty to Reduce Fear and Anxiety After Cardiac Events (RESURFACE): A Randomized Pilot Intervention Study

Acronym: RESURFACE

Important dates

Study start
2023
Primary completion
2024
Study completion
2024
First posted
Sep 21, 2023
Registry last updated
Nov 18, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

Published trials that share one or more normalized conditions with this study.