Relationship Between NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation and Stages of Periodontitis: An Association With Inflammaging

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by progressive destruction of the supporting structures of the teeth. Recent evidence suggests that the NLRP3 inflammasome plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease by regulating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β.

In addition, inflammaging, defined as low-grade chronic inflammation associated with aging, may contribute to increased susceptibility and severity of periodontal disease. However, the relationship between NLRP3 inflammasome activation and different stages of periodontitis, particularly in the context of inflammaging, is not fully understood.

This observational study aims to evaluate the expression levels of NLRP3 inflammasome components in subjects with varying stages of periodontitis compared to healthy controls. Clinical periodontal parameters, including probing depth, clinical attachment level, and bleeding on probing, will be recorded. Biological samples such as saliva and/or gingival crevicular fluid will be collected for laboratory analysis.

The primary objective is to assess the association between NLRP3 activation and disease severity. Secondary objectives include evaluating the correlation between inflammasome markers and aging-related inflammatory changes.

The findings of this study may provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying periodontitis progression and highlight potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and therapeutic targets.

Inclusion criteria

• 1. Male and Female 2. Aged from18 years and above 50. 3. Have at least 15 natural teeth excluding wisdoms. 4. Provide informed consent and willingness to cooperate with study protocol. 5. Stage I periodontitis and Grade A

• CAL of 1-2 mm
• Probing depths typically ≤ 3 6. Periodontitis stage II or stage III and Grads B or C patients:
• CAL from 3-4 mm.
• Maximum probing depth ≤ 5 mm, mostly horizontal bone loss

Exclusion criteria

• 1- History of antibiotic in previous three months. 2- Pregnant or lactating female. 3- Treatment with any systemic drug. 4- History of systemic disease. 5- Patients who received periodontal treatment in last 6 months