NCT Number: NCT07092787
This study will develop and evaluate a smartphone-based behavioral intervention for adolescents with Attention-Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD) and smartphone overuse in Hong Kong. The main questions it aims to answer are:
* Can a smartphone-based intervention lower self-reported smartphone dependence and objective smartphone usage? * Can a smartphone-based intervention lower parent-rated and self-rated ADHD symptoms? * Are there differences in electroencephalogram (EEG) in the smartphone salient vs smartphone non-salient conditions after intervention?
Adolescent participants will:
* report weekly smartphone use patterns based on app screencap for 12 weeks * complete online surveys on smartphone dependency and ADHD symptoms for 3 times * receive 10-minute EEG recordings to gather resting-state EEG data in a natural and relaxing state for 3 times
Parent participants will:
* provide a valid clinical report to confirm the adolescent's diagnosis of ADHD * complete online surveys to report on the adolescent's smartphone usage and ADHD symptoms for 3 times
Trial opening soon.
Get Notified12 year–17 year
All sexes
Interventional
Not applicable
Healthy volunteers accepted: No
Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.
Inclusion criteria
Exclusion criteria
The proposed study will use a behavioral smartphone-based intervention in a 12-week RCT among clinically diagnosed ADHD adolescents in Hong Kong. Guided by a conceptual framework on SO in ADHD, we will implement specific strategies that counter the potentially addictive qualities of smartphones using built-in smartphone functions that have been previously shown to be effective.
Participants will receive information about the known benefits and risks of SO and activate their smartphones' screentime monitoring setting. They will receive weekly reminders to submit their smartphone usage data.
Time frame: Baseline, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 weeks, and 12 months
Objective smartphone use data will be collected via smartphone apps (e.g., "ScreenTime" on Apple or "Digital Wellbeing" on Android) to trace the pattern of smartphone use of each participant. Participants will send screenshots of the minutes of smartphone use over the previous 7 days on their phones.
Time frame: Baseline, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 weeks, and 12 months
Objective smartphone use data will be collected via smartphone apps (e.g., "ScreenTime" on Apple or "Digital Wellbeing" on Android) to trace the pattern of smartphone use of each participant. Participants will send screenshots of the distribution of minutes spent according to categories of use (social networking, games, entertainment, productivity, etc.) over the previous 7 days on their phones.
Time frame: Baseline, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 weeks, and 12 months
Objective smartphone use data will be collected via smartphone apps (e.g., "ScreenTime" on Apple or "Digital Wellbeing" on Android) to trace the pattern of smartphone use of each participant. Participants will send screenshots of the number of screen unlocks or "pickups" over the previous 7 days on their phones.
Time frame: Baseline, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 weeks, and 12 months
Objective smartphone use data will be collected via smartphone apps (e.g., "ScreenTime" on Apple or "Digital Wellbeing" on Android) to trace the pattern of smartphone use of each participant. Participants will send screenshots of the number of notifications received over the previous 7 days on their phones.
Time frame: Baseline, 13 weeks, and 12 months
To allow for comparisons with existing studies, we will use the Smartphone Addiction Scale - Short Version validated in Hong Kong, which was designed for the assessment of smartphone dependence and showed good reliability and validity. The scale has ten items, such as "Missing planned work due to smartphone use" and "I will never give up using my smartphone even when my daily life is already greatly affected by it". Each item was measured by 6-point scales, from 1= "strongly disagree" to 6 = "strongly agree". Total score on the scale will be used to assess the degree of each participant's smartphone dependence, with suggested cut-off values of smartphone overuse for male and female was 31 and 33, respectively.
Time frame: Baseline, 13 weeks, and 12 months
Parents will rate their child's behaviors on a 7-point scale using the Strengths and Weaknesses of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms and Normal Behaviour Scale, which rephrased the 18 ADHD items of the DSM into neutral or positive statements. Scores of each statement range from -3 (far above average) to +3 (far below average), anchoring on normative behavior in age-matched adolescents. Two subscales on inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity symptoms can be derived. Adolescents will also self-rate their ADHD symptoms.
Time frame: Baseline, 13 weeks, and 12 months
During the EEG recording process, adolescent participants will be asked to relax and avoid swallowing and movements that may cause artifacts. For 5 min of recording, participants will look at a blank piece of paper on the table. For another 5 min of recording, they will look at their own smartphone, face-down with notifications and sound turned off, on the table. The order will be counterbalanced across participants. The target outcome measures are alpha (8-12Hz) and delta (1-4Hz) EEG frequency bands.
Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.
Education University of Hong Kong
Other
Reducing Smartphone Overuse for Adolescents With Attention-Deficit Hyperactive Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial
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