Real-World Outcomes of First-Line Nivolumab + Ipilimumab With Chemotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Poland

Inclusion criteria

• Adults aged 18 years or older
• Prescribed first-line nivolumab plus ipilimumab plus chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer between 01 January 2023 and 31 December 2023 in the Polish Drug Program
• Diagnosis of inoperable locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer with programmed death-ligand 1 tumor proportion score <50%
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0 to 1
• At least one measurable lesion or a countable number of non-measurable lesions
• Absence of activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene or rearrangements in the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene and ROS1 gene
• Absence of comorbid conditions that were not adequately controlled with pharmacological therapy and that, in the opinion of the treating physician, could compromise the safe administration of the study treatment
• Absence of active autoimmune disease, except type 1 diabetes, hypothyroidism, psoriasis, or vitiligo
• Hematopoietic function allowing treatment according to the current Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC)
• Absence of contraindications to nivolumab or ipilimumab according to the SmPC
• Treatment history and response available for chart abstraction from treatment initiation through death or study end in living patients
• Participants with central nervous system metastases may be included if they had no neurological symptoms, had at least stable disease after local treatment, and did not require chronic immunosuppressive doses of glucocorticoids

Exclusion criteria

• Participants will be excluded from analysis if any of the following criteria are met:

• Confirmed disease progression according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria, unless treatment was continued following local ablative therapy in cases of oligoprogression (including central nervous system lesions).
• Clinically significant deterioration without radiological evidence of disease progression.
• Unacceptable or life-threatening toxicity, including any toxicity requiring treatment discontinuation as per the product's SmPC.
• Clinically relevant hypersensitivity to the study drug or its components.
• Decline in performance status to Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) grade 3 or 4.
• Treatment interruption due to adverse events exceeding 12 weeks.
• Significant deterioration in quality of life, as documented in medical records.
• Withdrawal of consent for continued treatment or participation.