Pumps for Kids, Infants and Neonates (PumpKIN): The Jarvik 2015 Pivotal Trial

This is a NHLBI-funded study is a prospective, multicenter, single-arm clinical trial to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the Jarvik 2015 left ventricular assist device (LVAD) as a bridge to heart transplant in children where few LVAD options are available and require hospital confinement. Children weighing 8 to 30 kg will be eligible if they have end-stage heart failure refractory to medical therapy due to severe systolic dysfunction. Children with single ventricle heart disease, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), those requiring BIVAD support, and those with irreversible end-organ dysfunction will be excluded. The primary probable benefit endpoint of the study is survival to heart transplant, recovery or 180 days of support in the absence of severe stroke. The primary safety endpoint of the study is freedom from any new symptomatic stroke. A total of 22 subjects will be enrolled in the trial at 14 sites in the US and Europe. Subjects will be enrolled over roughly 3 years (38 months) and followed for 1 year post explant. Data generated from the study will be used to support FDA review and potential approval of the device under the Humanitarian Device Exemption (HDE) regulation, the FDA approval pathway for devices intended to treat rare and orphan diseases. Children

Inclusion criteria

Children with severe (Ross or New York Heart Association) class IV HF despite optimal medical therapy (Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support [INTERMACS] profile 1 or 2 for pediatrics) who require mechanical circulatory support as a bridge to transplant and meet all the criteria below:

• Males and females with body weight between 8 kg, and 30 kg
• Body surface area (BSA) between 0.4 m2 and 1.0 m2
• Two-ventricle circulation, including cardiomyopathy, repaired structural heart disease (e.g., anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery [ALCAPA], aortic stenosis) or acquired heart disease (e.g., , Kawasaki disease) 4. INTERMACS Profile 1 or 2 as evidenced by: a. Inability to wean from extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) or other temporary circulatory support (TCS), OR b.Inability to wean from mechanical ventilator support, OR c. Inotrope-dependent,decompensatedHFANDmeetoneormoreofthe following severity criteria within 48 hours prior to implant (unless otherwise noted), attributed to decompensated HF despite optimal medical therapy: i. Urine output <0.5 cc/kg/hour for 12hr ii. Creatinine level >2 times the upper limit of normal (ULN) for age iii. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) or total bilirubin level >3 times the ULN for age (either qualifies the patient) iv. Mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) <55% (or arteriovenous oxygen difference >45%) v. Acidosis: Base excess >-5 vi. Inability to tolerate appropriate enteral calories vii. Inability to ambulate or participate in age-appropriate activities of daily living (ADLs) and/or cardiac rehabilitation/physical therapy

• LVAD support is intended for bridge-to transplant. Subject is listed for transplant or eligible (i.e., no medical or surgical contraindications) to be listed for cardiac transplant, United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) status 1A, or equivalent 6. Implant performed at a US or European site participating in the Jarvik 2015 IDE Pivotal Trial.

• Written consent of parent(s) or legally authorized representative (LAR) where appropriate.

Exclusion criteria

1. Severe right ventricular (RV) dysfunction or significant arrhythmia where treatment with a durable RV assist device (RVAD) (i.e., biventricular assist device) is definite or highly likely. 2. Complex cardiac anatomy including but not limited to:

• Single ventricle anatomy
• Presence of a mechanical heart valve
• Unrepairable severe aortic insufficiency 3. Stable inotrope dependence (INTERMACS profile 3) 4. Severe or irreversible renal dysfunction, liver dysfunction or pulmonary dysfunction. 5. Known contraindication to systemic anticoagulation (e.g., coagulopathy) 6. CPR with duration >30 consecutive minutes within 48 hours prior to device implant or CPR with uncertain neurological status 7. ECMO use for >10 consecutive days 8. Known cerebrovascular event within the past 30 days or uncertain neurological status 9. Unmanageable bleeding per judgment of the investigator 10. Ventricular dysfunction that is likely to recover (e.g., acute myocarditis, metabolic myopathy where LV dysfunction is present solely with intermittent acidosis/crises).

• A non-dilated LV as determined by a left ventricular end-diastolic dimension or left ventricular end-diastolic volume z score of <+2.5 12. Systolic dysfunction that is not severe (LV ejection fraction of >35%) (e.g., heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, aka primary diastolic dysfunction). 12. Unresolved malignancy 13. Active, systemic infection unresponsive to antimicrobials therapy 14. Currently participating in an interventional trial whose protocol prevents effective application of the Jarvik 2015 device, potentially has an independent effect on trial endpoints, or otherwise interferes with execution of the PumpKIN protocol