Psychometric Properties of the Turkish Version of the HANA in Tension Type Headache

The Headache Needs Assessment consists of seven items that evaluate areas such as anxiety/worry, depression/discouragement, self-control, energy, functioning/work, family/social activities, and the overall impact of migraine. A unique aspect of the questionnaire is that it separates responses into two categories: (1) How often did this issue occur? (1 = Never, 2 = Rarely, 3 = Sometimes, 4 = Often, 5 = Always); and (2) How much did this issue bother you? (1 = Not at all, 2 = A little, 3 = Somewhat, 4 = A lot, 5 = Very much). The total score ranges from 14 to 70, with higher scores indicating a greater negative impact on quality of life.

Headache severity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). For the VAS, a 10 cm horizontal line is drawn with a ruler. The beginning of the line (0 cm) is described to patients as "no pain," and the end of the line (10 cm) as "unbearable, severe pain." Patients are asked to mark a point on the line that best represents the intensity of their headache between these two endpoints. The distance from the starting point to the marked location is then measured and recorded as the headache severity.

Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6), a quality of life questionnaire for headaches that assesses vitality, pain, psychological distress, social functioning, role limitations, and cognitive functioning. Each item is scored on a 5-point Likert scale (6 = never, 8 = rarely, 10 = sometimes, 11 = very often, 13 = always). The total score is calculated by summing the scores of all six items, ranging from 36 to 78. Scores are categorized as follows: ≤49 = little to no impact, 50-55 = some impact, 56-59 = substantial impact, and 60-78 = severe impact, with higher scores indicating greater impairment in quality of life. The validity, reliability, and Turkish version of the questionnaire have been established.

The Henry Ford Hospital Headache Disability Inventory is a 25-item questionnaire designed to assess the impact of headaches on daily life. This inventory has a two-dimensional structure, comprising emotional and functional components. Items are scored as No: 0, Sometimes: 2, and Yes: 4. The total score ranges from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater headache-related disability. The validity, reliability, and Turkish version of the inventory have been established by Kılınç et al.