Prostate HistoScanning for the Non-invasive Detection and Staging of Prostate Cancer and Characterization of Prostate Tissues (PHS-02)

Study design:

-The study will be a phase I like study to assess the extent to which prostate HistoScanning (PHS, the index test) can identify and characterize foci of prostate cancer when compared to histological samples harvested during radical prostatectomy (the reference test). The study will comprise 3 steps: first, defining the most suitable method for matching the TRUS (TransRectalUltrasonography) to histology (step 1); second, refining the algorithms (training set); third, verification of the PHS performances (test set).

Study objectives:

* Primary Objective:

* To evaluate the extent to which PHS can discriminate between malignant lesions of the prostate versus non-malignant tissue in 3D RF TRUS data using radical prostatectomy histological step sectioning as the reference test. * Secondary Objectives:

* To adapt and refine PHS tissue characterisation algorithms using RF data that were previously developed using grey-level data as input. * To assess the accuracy of PHS in predicting the volume of prostate cancers determined by histology. * To assess the ability of PHS to rule in or rule out the presence of cancer > or = 0.5 cc and of > or = 0.2 cc as determined by histology. * To evaluate the ability to discriminate primary Gleason pattern 4 and 5 versus 3 or less in tumours > or = 0.5 cc and > or = 0.2 cc. * To assess the ability of PHS to correctly risk stratify patients.