Prospective Monitoring of Subjects With Biochemically Recurrent Prostate Cancer Using 18FDCFPyL

Background:

• Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in American men.
• About 25,000 to 50,000 men each year develop a rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) after definitive radiation or surgery for early-stage disease but have negative findings on computed tomography (CT) and Tc99 bone scan (standard imaging in prostate cancer).
• The recent Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of 18F-DCFPyL PET imaging provides an opportunity to locate micrometastatic lesions in patients with recurrent disease.
• It is unknown how these lesions (or prostate cancer) evolve over time in men with positive findings on 18F-DCFPyL PET imaging.

Objective:

-To observe participants with biochemically recurrent prostate cancer for 5 years to understand the evolution of 18F-DCFPyL PET lesions in this population.

Eligibility:

• History of primary treatment for prostate cancer (either surgery or radiation).
• PSA >= 0.50, and testosterone >100.
• Age >=18 years.
• No evidence of metastatic soft tissue disease on CT scan (or MRI), or bone lesions on bone scan.
• No androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), no systemic therapy within the 6 months before the study intervention, and no prostatectomy within 1 year before the study intervention. Clinical trial treatments are allowable within the 6 months before study intervention.

Design:

• Eligible participants will have clinical evaluations and imaging studies. Participants with negative findings on initial/following 18F-DCFPyL scan(s) will be invited approximately every year (+/-12 weeks) for follow-up imaging studies (including 18F-DCFPyL PET scans). Participants with positive findings on initial/following 18F-DCFPyL scan(s) will be invited approximately every 6 months (+/-8 weeks) for repeat scans, not to exceed 2 scans per year.
• After the initial evaluation, participants will be invited to NIH approximately every 3 months (+/- 4 weeks) for PSA testing.

• INCLUSION CRITERIA:
• History of primary treatment for prostate cancer (either surgery or radiation)
• Serum PSA >= 0.50
• Serum testosterone >100
• Age >=18 years
• Men must agree to use highly effective contraception (surgical sterilization) for 7 days after every study agent administration. Note: abstinence, defined as no heterosexual sexual intercourse when this is in line with the preferred and usual lifestyle of the subject is also acceptable
• The ability of a participant to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document

Exclusion criteria

-Evidence of soft tissue disease on CT scan (or magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] as clinically indicated).

NOTE: Lymph nodes <= 1.5 cm in the shortest dimension are allowed.

• Evidence of bone lesions on Tc99 bone scan
• Prostatectomy within 1 year before the study intervention
• Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) within the 6 months before the study intervention
• Systemic therapy for prostate cancer within the 6 months before the study intervention. Other investigational agents, excluding those involving standard of care chemotherapy, received within 6 months prior to the study intervention are allowed.