Prospective Longitudinal 1-year Study of the Correlation Between Cognitive Functioning in Patients With Clinically Isolated Syndrome Suggestive of Multiple Sclerosis and Disconnection in the Brain Assessed by MRI

This is a prospective cohort, observational, longitudinal, monocentric study. This study will include 60 patients with CIS followed for 1 year and 60 healthy subjects.

Inclusion criteria

• Patients:

• Men and Women
• ≥16 years
• Fluent French speaker
• Clinically isolated neurological syndrome (CIS) compatible with a demyelinating inflammatory episode within the central nervous system, potentially beginning multiple sclerosis (MS) whatever the mode of presentation
• Between 60 and 180 days from the onset
• At least two clinically silent lesions on their T2-weighted brain or spinal MRI scan with a size of at least 3 mm, at least one of which being cerebral, ovoid, or periventricular
• Having a medical insurance
• Free and informed consent signed
• Controls:

• Men and Women
• ≥18 years
• Fluent French speaker
• Having a medical insurance
• Free and informed consent signed

Exclusion criteria

• Patients:

• Prior documented neurological episode suggestive of MS.
• Other ongoing neurological diseases.
• Known chronic systemic diseases as judged by the investigator (for instance: lupus, Gougerot-Sjögren, sarcoidosis, sclerodermia, Crohn disease,…).
• Other causes (trauma, tumor, radiotherapy, infections, vascular diseases, neuromyelitis optica).
• Current dependence on alcohol or drugs.
• Dosage change, stop or start of hypnotic or anxiolytic or antidepressive treatment less than 15 days
• MRI contra-indications.
• Steroid treatment less than one month (be taken orally or by infusion) at the dosage of 500mg daily.
• Controls:

• Known chronic psychiatric or neurologic diseases which could interfere with neuropsychological testing, not taking into account stable and mild depressive syndrome
• Known chronic systemic diseases as judged by the investigator (for instance: lupus, Gougerot-Sjögren, sarcoidosis, scleroderma, Crohn disease…).
• MS familial history
• Current dependence on alcohol or drugs
• Known cognitive impairment
• Prior neuropsychological testing with the same tests less than one year
• Dosage change, stop or start of hypnotic or anxiolytic or antidepressive treatment less than 2 months
• Steroid treatment less than one month (be taken orally or by infusion) at the dosage of 500mg daily.
• MRI contra-indications
• Steroid treatment less than one month (be taken orally or by infusion) at the dosage of 500mg daily.