Prospective Clinical Trial of Crisugabalin Capsules in the Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder

This was a prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, active- and placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Qualified subjects, according to the ratio of 1:1:1, were randomized into Crisugabalin group, Venlafaxine-control group and placebo-control group, and received a double-blind treatment course of 8 weeks. After completing the 8-week double-blind treatment period, subjects will officially conclude the study or voluntarily enter a 4-week open-label extension treatment phase. During the open-label extension phase, all subjects will receive Crisugabalin 80 mg/day (40 mg bid). Participants were followed from baseline outpatient visit until end of the follow-up period (14 weeks and 9 visits in total).

Inclusion criteria

• Able to understand and voluntarily participate in the trial, and provide written informed consent form (ICF);
• Male or female aged ≥18 years (inclusive of the threshold value);
• Met the diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5) criteria for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and confirmed by the Brief International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.);
• Require pharmacological treatment for psychiatric symptoms;
• Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) score ≥20, Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-17) score ≤2, Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI-S) score ≥4 at screening and baseline Points;

Exclusion criteria

• subjects with serious suicide risk at present, or HAMD-17 item 3-suicide score ≥3;
• subjects with HAMD-17 > 17;
• subjects whose HAMA scores decreased by ≥20% in the baseline period compared with the screening period:
• Those who met the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for other mental disorders except GAD;
• subjects with previous history of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, bipolar disorder, psychotic disorder, factitious disorder and somatoform disorder; There were severe personality disorders, especially antisocial, borderline, or histrionic personality disorder, which were judged by the investigator to affect the patient's adherence to the study protocol;
• Alcohol or drug abuse or dependence within 180 days before screening;
• With severe or unstable has clinical significance of somatic disease, including any cardiovascular, cancer, kidney, respiratory, endocrine (including abnormal thyroid function), digestion, blood (such as with bleeding tendency) or nervous system diseases;
• History of inadequate response to at least two prior antidepressant drugs and/or benzodiazepines after adequate dose and duration of treatment (i.e., at least 4 weeks at a clinically appropriate dose), or failure to achieve sufficient clinical efficacy with pregabalin ≥300 mg/day (i.e., subject-reported insufficient response or lack of meaningful clinical improvement).
• History of severe hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., anaphylaxis) or allergies to at least two classes of drugs (including photosensitivity), or known hypersensitivity to pregabalin, the investigational drug, structurally related compounds, or any of their excipients.
• subjects whose physical examination or vital signs were abnormal and clinically significant (e.g. inadequately controlled hypertension, systolic blood pressure ≥160 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥100 mmHg);
• subjects with a history of epilepsy or any other disease that may induce seizures, except convulsions caused by febrile convulsions in children;
• Severe hematologic, hepatic or renal dysfunction during the screening period, the subject will be excluded if: a. Neutrophils < 1.5 × 10^9/L, or platelet < 90 × 10^9/L, or hemoglobin < 100 g/L; b. AST/ALT > 2.5 × upper limit of normal (ULN), or TBIL > 1.5 × ULN; c. Estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min / 1.73 m^2; d. Creatine kinase > 2.0 × ULN.
• Clinically significant abnormalities on electrocardiography (QT interval corrected by Fridericia method: ≥450 ms for men or ≥470 ms for women) or conditions deemed ineligible by the investigators;
• Subjects who had undergone psychiatric surgery, electroconvulsive therapy or transcranial magnetic stimulation within 90 days before screening;
• Use of β-blockers within 90 days prior to screening with an ongoing need for continued treatment;
• Receiving systemic psychotherapy or other non-pharmacological treatments (e.g., acupuncture, hypnosis, or phototherapy) within 6 weeks before the baseline visit;
• Subjects with dysphagia or inability to tolerate oral medications.
• Subjects with active gastrointestinal disorders (including any history of gastrointestinal surgery) that, in the investigator's judgment, may interfere with the absorption of the investigational drug.
• Those who had used benzodiazepines within -7 to -1 days before screening, such as lorazepam, oxazepam, and alprazolam for less than 5 half-lives; The use of benzodiazepines with longer half-lives, such as diazepam, clonazepam, nitrazepam, estazolam, and flurazepam, not more than 5 half-lives or less than 30 days from the screening period, or the use of barbiturates not more than 5 half-lives or less than 30 days from the screening period;
• Patients who discontinued traditional Chinese medicine, melatonin, and St. John's wort for less than 3 days before the baseline visit;
• Pregnant or preparing for pregnancy or breastfeeding during the study period, or subjects were not willing to use reliable contraceptives methods from the date of ICF signature until 28 days after the last trial drug administration, or planning to use progesterone contraceptives during this period;
• Individuals engaged in potentially hazardous mechanical operations such as working at heights or operating motor vehicles.
• Participants enrolled in other clinical trials within 30 days before screening;
• Subjects with other conditions deemed by the investigator to be ineligible for enrollment.