Progrip Versus ProFlor: Two Fixation Free Devices for Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair

postoperative adverse events. The primary objective of these evaluations was to detect any possible complications that may have arisen, including but not limited to recurrence, hematoma, seroma, testicular swelling, wound infection/abscesses, prosthesis displacement, or any other complication. We used clinical observation and radiological findings to detect these complications.

The secondary endpoints included evaluations of postoperative pain. During follow-up control, patients were tasked with completing questionnaires aimed at evaluating their clinical conditions. To assess pain levels during the early stage (until four weeks postop.), the Visual Analogue Score (VAS) was employed. The VAS score is a widely recognized tool that enables patients to rate their pain on a scale from 0 to 10, where 0 signifies no pain and 10 indicates the most severe pain imaginable.

The secondary endpoints included evaluations of discomfort and quality of life. During follow-up control, patients were tasked with completing questionnaires aimed at evaluating their clinical conditions. For long-term clinical evaluation starting from four weeks postop, patients were instructed to fill out the Carolinas Comfort Scale questionnaire (CCS), regarded as the optimal scoring system for discomfort, and other postoperative symptoms. The CCS questionnaire offered a more thorough insight into the patient's experience and facilitated the evaluation of their long-term outcomes.

The CCS is a 23-itemquestionnaire that quantifies the severity of pain, mesh sensation, and movement limitation from the hernia or surgical site during the following 8 activities: lying down, bending over, sitting up, activities of daily living, coughing or deep breathing (Min. 0 with no discomfort in all activity; Max. 115 with maximum discomfort in all activity)