Probe-based and Needle-based Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy During Gynaecological Procedures.

This is a prospective study: about 75 patients (25 for each pathology) scheduled for a colposcopy or hysteroscopy examination or for a surgical treatment of the cervix/endocervix/endometrium/ovarian or tubal cancer will be enrolled. They will undergo the diagnostic consultation or surgical procedure, as per standard of care, plus an additional pCLE/nCLE procedure with the prototype probes, which will add between 5 and 10 minutes maximum to the examination.

The confocal miniprobe will be positioned against the surface of these organs or inside these same organs if the tumor is intratissular through a needle, and sequences will be acquired. Final diagnosis will be obtained for the patient, either through the result of the biopsies or through surgical pathology if the patient's lesion is surgically resected. Then imaging will be performed as well ex vivo on the resected specimens to provide additional stable imaging, and compare image quality to in vivo imaging.

The clinical endpoints of the study are:

• One or several Confocal Miniprobe designs optimized for use during colposcopy and hysteroscopy
• An optimized protocol of operations when using the designed Confocal Miniprobes during colposcopy and hysteroscopy as well as in the surgical setting, robotized or not (staining, use of accessories to hold the probes, etc...)
• A first atlas of endomicroscopic images obtained in the cervix, endocervix and endometrium
• The number, type and severity of recorded adverse events (to evaluate the safety).

Final objectives of CLE in gynecology:

• During colposcopic examination of the exocervix and conization, CLE is intended to be used to target biopsy and guide resection.
• During hysteroscopic examination of the endocervix, CLE is intended to be used to target biopsy and guide resection. Its ability to diagnose endocervical cancer will be evaluated.
• For endometrium cancer, CLE is to be used to target biopsy during hysteroscopy procedures and to evaluate cancer extension by examining lymphe node invasion during surgical procedures.
• During adjuvant surgery, the cervix is to be imaged by CLE to describe area altered by radio-chemotherapy.
• Ovaries and tubes are to be imaged by CLE before chemotherapy to diagnose cancer and after chemotherapy to detect residual tumor or fibrosis.

Inclusion criteria

• Patients scheduled for a colposcopy
• Patients scheduled for a hysteroscopy
• Patients scheduled for a surgical treatment for a suspected cervix/ endocervix/ endometrium lesion
• 18 years or older.

Exclusion criteria

• Allergy to fluorescein
• Previous life-threatening allergic reactions and known hypersensitivity
• Pregnancy or breast-feeding
• History of cardio-pulmonary disease (including bronchial asthma)
• Restricted renal function
• Patients under a beta-blockers treatment