Pragmatic Airway Resuscitation Trial

The primary objective of the trial is to determine if 72-hour survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is improved with initial endotracheal intubation (ETI) over initial laryngeal tube (LT) airway management strategies.

The null hypothesis is that 72-hour survival is similar between primary Laryngeal Tube (LT) SGA and primary ETI airway management strategies.

Evaluated secondary outcomes will include return of spontaneous circulation, survival to hospital discharge, neurologically intact survival at hospital discharge, airway management performance, and clinical adverse events.

Inclusion criteria

• Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA)
• Adult (age ≥18 years or per local interpretation)
• Non-traumatic etiology
• Initiation of ventilatory support (e.g., bag-valve-mask device, non-rebreather mas, etc.)

Exclusion criteria

• Known pregnant women
• Known prisoners
• Major facial trauma (visible major deformity, copious oral bleeding, etc)
• Major bleeding or exsanguination (e.g., major upper or lower GI bleed, visceral perforation, major uncontrolled bleeding from laceration or injury)
• Patient receiving initial care by a non-PART participating EMS agency capable of performing ETI, LT, or other advanced airway management
• Patients with ET tube, LT or other advanced airway device inserted prior to participating EMS agency arrival (e.g., inserted by healthcare facility personnel)
• Patients with a pre-existing tracheostomy
• Obvious asphyxial cardiac arrest (e.g., choking, foreign body aspiration, angioedema, epiglottitis, trauma to mouth and face, etc.)
• Patients with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) or total artificial heart (TAH)
• Patients with pre-existing written "do-not-attempt-resuscitation" (DNAR) orders
• Inter-facility transports
• Patients with a "do not enroll" bracelet