Potential Benefits of the Somatic Psychoeducational Intervention

Primary outcomes

1. Measuring Change in Depressive Symptoms using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8) self-report questionnaire.

   Time frame: Baseline up to 1-month (post-intervention)

   The eight-item Patient Health Questionnaire depression scale (PHQ-8) will be used to assess current depression. Depression can be defined as ongoing feelings of sadness or loss of interest in typically pleasurable activities. This measure includes 8 items that are answered via a 4-point Likert scales (0 = not at all, 1 = several days, 2 = more than half the days, and 3 - nearly every day). Total scores range from 0 to 24, with higher indicated more symptoms of depression.

2. Change in autonomic reactivity using the Body Perception Questionnaire self-report questionnaire.

   Time frame: Baseline up to 1-month (post-intervention)

   This 20-item measure is scored on a 5-point Likert scale (never = 1, occasionally = 2, sometimes = 3, usually = 4, always = 5). Items are summed to determine total autonomic reactivity score, with the higher scores indicating greater autonomic reactivity

3. Measuring Change in anxiety using the General Anxiety Disorder 7 self-report questionnaire.

   Time frame: Baseline up to 1-month (post-intervention)

   This 7-item measure is scored on a 4-point Likert scale (0 = not at all, 1 = several days, 2 = more than half the days, and 3 = nearly every day). Items are summed, with the higher scores indicating increased symptoms of anxiety.

4. Measuring Change in social engagement using the Neuroception of Psychological Safety Scale self-report questionnaire.

   Time frame: Baseline up to 1-month (post-intervention)

   This 14-item measure is scored on a 5-point Likert scale (Strongly Disagree = 1 to Strongly Agree = 5). Items are summed, with the higher scores indicating greater social engagement.

5. Measuring Change in Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms using the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist 5 self-report questionnaire.

   Time frame: Baseline up to 1-month (post-intervention)

   This 8-item measure scored on a 5-point Likert scale (not at all = 0 to extremely = 4). Items are summed, with the higher scores indicating increased symptoms are depression.

6. Measuring Change in Mindfulness using the Five Facets of Mindfulness self-report questionnaire.

   Time frame: Baseline up to 1-month (post-intervention)

   This 15-item measure assess mindfulness via a 5-point Likert scale (Never or very rarely true = 1 to Very often or always true = 5). Higher sum scores are representative of greater mindfulness.

7. Measuring impact of prior adversity using the Adverse and Traumatic Experiences Scale self-report questionnaire.

   Time frame: Baseline

   This 30-item measure asks about prior adversity (i.e., Childhood adversity, caregiver maltreatment, non-caregiver maltreatment, life-threatening situations, and sudden losses). Participants indicate how impacted they were via a 5-point Likert scale (0 = event did not occur, 1 = occurred and no impact on my life, 2 = minimal impact on my life, 3 = some impact on my life, and 4 = big impact on my life). Higher sum scores are indicative of greater prior adversity.

8. Measuring change of professional health outcomes using self-report questionnaires.

   Time frame: Baseline up to 1-month (post-intervention)

   Professional fulfillment and Burnout was assessed via the 16-item Professional Fulfillment Index (Professional Fulfillment 6 items, Burnout [Work Exhaustion 4 items and Interpersonal Disengagement 6 items]). Participants indicate how true 6 items assessing Professional Fulfillment are via a 5-point Likert scale (0 = not at all true to 4 = completely true). Higher sum scores are indicative of greater Professional Fulfillment. Participants indicate the degree they have experienced 10 items assessing burnout are via a 5-point Likert scale (0 = not at all to 4 = extremely). Higher sum scores are indicative of increased burnout.

9. Measuring change in physical stress

   Time frame: Baseline up to 1-month (post-intervention)

   This 9-item measure is scored via a 5-point Likert scale (0 = never to 4 = always). Higher sum scores represent increased physical stress

10. Measuring change in salivary oxytocin levels via Enzyme Immunoassay kit

    Time frame: Baseline up to 1-month (post-intervention)

    Saliva samples were collected via a passive drool method using Thermo Scientific™ SpeciMAX™ Saliva Collection Tube (Catalog number A50696). Salivary oxytocin concentrates (pg/mL) determined via Enzyme Immunoassay kit (ELISA; Arbor Assays Catalog #K048-H1).