Post-Pandemic Perception of Public Space in Singapore

The aim is to explore the difference between pre and post COVID-19-related isolation on their perception of green and public spaces, as well as mood, neuroelectrical (EEG) and haemodynamic (fNIRS) response.

The hypothesi is that crowded, busy public spaces, such as experimental site near Chinatown MRT, may induce more patterns of brain activity related to stress, anxiety and aversive attitudes after COVID-19 as compared to before. Similarily, it is expected that green urban spaces, such as experimental site at Hortpark, perceived after COVID-19 can elicit more salutogenic effect of relaxation, positive emotions and attention restoration than before the pandemic.

This study will allow better understanding of the mental health consequences of unprecedented period of isolation at home and social distancing. The relationship between city residents and their living environment may change due to COVID-19 and it's very important to uncover the mental health implications of social distancing to prepare for potential future outbreaks through developing tools and solutions addressing specific issues. Finally, for the urban planning and design the study may highlight important trends in changing human perception of space and redefine the concept of a "healthy city".

Inclusion criteria

• Age of 21 to 75
• Right-handed only

Exclusion criteria

• left-handed
• serious visual or auditory impairment

• Major neurological disorders e.g. epilepsy, stroke
• Any form of cancer
• Major heart diseases: e.g. ischemic heart disease
• Major lung diseases: e.g. chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder.
• Major liver disease e.g. liver failure
• Major kidney disease e.g. kidney failure