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NCT Number: NCT06771895

Post Intensive Care Optimization Through Lifestyle Intervention

The quality of the intensive care unit (ICU) has been steadily improving over the years. Although improvements in the acute treatment of critically ill patients have been made, a large number of ICU survivors suffer from severe physical, cognitive and mental health problems persisting months to years after leaving the ICU. Physical impairments occur the most and can be very severe, greatly affecting activities in daily life and subsequently the perceived quality of life of ICU survivors. Although there is an increased awareness of long-term complaints following ICU stay, there is currently a knowledge gap on how to enhance the recovery of ICU survivors 6 to 12 months post-ICU discharge. The overall objective of the current study is to establish the extent of health and functional improvements that can be obtained with an optimized, combined exercise and nutritional intervention in ICU survivors 6 to 12 months post-ICU discharge.

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Key information

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Maastricht University Medical Center+

Maastricht, Limburg, 6229ER, Netherlands

Location contact

Bram AJM Sauvé, MSc

SUB_INVESTIGATOR

Lex B Verdijk, Dr.

CONTACT

[email protected]

+31433881318

Lex B Verdijk, Dr.

PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Luc JC van Loon, Prof. Dr.

PRINCIPAL_INVESTIGATOR

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Aged 18 years and older
  • Minimum ICU length of stay of 5 days and/or mechanically ventilated for a minimum of 2 days
  • Persistent physical complaints
  • Community-dwelling, living independently (non-assisted)
  • Mentally competent with a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of ≥24
  • Willing to participate in a 20-week multimodal lifestyle intervention

Exclusion criteria

  • Any medical condition that may interfere with the safety of the subjects during exercise or any condition that interferes with assessment of the outcome parameters, in the investigators' judgement in consultation with the responsible physician or treating physician/specialist. In case of a contra-indication for MRI (e.g., a pacemaker), subjects will be excluded from this measurement but not necessarily from the study.
  • Any medical condition or circumstance where supplementation with the nutritional supplement is potentially contra-indicated.
  • Known allergy to any of the ingredients present in the nutritional supplement.
  • Simultaneous use of other nutritional supplements during the study period (i.e., unwillingness to stop for the duration of the study).
  • Current participation in other scientific research that conflicts with this study (e.g. intervention studies or weight management studies).
  • No permission to request information from the general practitioner/treating specialist(s) about medical history, medication use.
  • Pregnancy.

Treatment and study plan

Combined exercise and nutritional intervention

Behavioral

The intervention consists of a combined exercise and nutritional intervention. All subjects will perform 20 weeks of supervised resistance and endurance type exercise training 2 to 3 days per week. The dietary intervention aims to attain a diet that comprises sufficient protein and is otherwise in line with the Dutch Healthy Diet guidelines. In support, subjects will consume a daily high protein multi-nutrient supplement which will be ingested pre-sleep. There will be an additional supplement intake moment following each training session.

Primary outcomes

  1. Aerobic capacity

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0), midline (week 11) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    as measured by a VO2-peak test on ergometer

  2. Muscle strength

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0), midline (week 11) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    as measured by 1-RM max testing

  3. Muscle mass

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    as measured by whole-body MRI

Secondary outcomes

  1. Body fat composition

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    as measured by whole-body MRI

  2. Body lean mass composition

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    as measured by whole-body MRI

  3. Metabolic health

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0), midline (week 11) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    by assessing nutritional status, lipid profile, inflammatory profile, fasting glucose and insulin in plasma and serum samples

  4. Gut health

    Time frame: In week 1, week 4 and week 21 of the intervention

    by assessing intestinal microbiota composition, diversity and taxa abundance, functional capacity of the intestinal microbiota and metabolomics in feces samples

  5. Brain health (cognitive function)

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    as measured by the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery

  6. Step count

    Time frame: In week 1, week 11 and week 21 of the intervention

    as measured by accelerometry

  7. Age

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0)

    as measured using a questionnaire

  8. Body mass

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0), midline (week 11) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    as measured by a scale

  9. Height

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0), midline (week 11) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    as measured by a stadiometer

  10. Body Mass Index

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0), midline (week 11) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    as calculated from height and body mass

  11. Waist circumference

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0), midline (week 11) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    as measured by measuring tape

  12. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0), midline (week 11) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    as measured using an automated device

  13. Handgrip strength

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0), midline (week 11) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    as measured by a dynamometer

  14. Functional capacity

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0), midline (week 11) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    as measured by the 6-Minute Walk Test

  15. Physical function

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0), midline (week 11) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    as measured by the Short Physical Performance Battery

  16. Muscle fiber size

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    as determined by immunofluorescence staining of muscle biopsy of vastus lateralis (optional)

  17. Myonuclei quantity

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    as determined by immunofluorescence staining of muscle biopsy of vastus lateralis (optional)

  18. Proportion (%) of muscle fiber types (type I and type II)

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    as determined by immunofluorescence staining of muscle biopsy of vastus lateralis (optional)

  19. Frailty

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0), midline (week 11) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    as measured by the Clinical Frailty Scale

  20. Quality of Life

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0), midline (week 11) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    as measured by the Short Form 36 Health Survey v2 and EuroQol-5 Dimensions-5 Levels questionnaires

  21. Mental health

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0), midline (week 11) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    as measured by the Hospital Anxiety & Depression Scale

  22. Sleep quality

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0), midline (week 11) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    as measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index

  23. Supplement tolerance

    Time frame: At baseline (week 0), midline (week 11) and at the end of the intervention (week 22)

    as measured by the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale

  24. Intestinal transit rate

    Time frame: In week 1, week 4 and week 21 of the intervention

    as measured by the Bristol Stool Scale

  25. Dietary protein intake

    Time frame: In week 1, week 4 and week 21 of the intervention

    as measured by dietary diaries

  26. Dietary carbohydrate intake

    Time frame: In week 1, week 4 and week 21 of the intervention

    as measured by dietary diaries

  27. Dietary fat intake

    Time frame: In week 1, week 4 and week 21 of the intervention

    as measured by dietary diaries

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

Bram AJM Sauvé

CONTACT

[email protected]

+31433885836

Lex B Verdijk, Dr.

CONTACT

[email protected]

+31433881318

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Maastricht University Medical Center

Other

Collaborators

  • Danone Global Research & Innovation Center

Registry information

Acronym: PICOLI

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2027
Study completion
2028
First posted
Jan 13, 2025
Registry last updated
May 7, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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