Post-Exercise Hypotension After Water Exercise

Hypertension is the most prevalent cardiovascular disease risk factor among individuals 60 years of age and older. Hypertension can be prevented and modified with lifestyle interventions that include regular exercise. Water exercise is widely recommended for older adults for a variety of health benefits, but few studies have assessed the immediate ambulatory blood pressure (BP) response to water exercise, a response termed postexercise hypotension (PEH). We will assess PEH after a session of water aerobics in physically active, older women with hypertension. Twenty-four women will be randomly assign to participate in a 45 min session of moderate intensity, water aerobics (WATER) and a 45 min land control session (CONTROL). All experimental sessions will start at 9 am sharply with 7 days between them. Subjects will left the experiments wearing an ambulatory BP monitor for the next 21 hr.

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Key information

Conditions

Postexercise Hypotension Autonomic Nervous System Diseases Cardiovascular Diseases Hypotension Nervous System Diseases Orthostatic Intolerance Post-Exercise Hypotension Primary Dysautonomias Vascular Diseases

Age range

65 year–80 year

Sex eligibility

Female

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Alexandre Lehnen

Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90620-001, Brazil

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

resting SBP ≤ 160 mmHg and DBP ≤ 100 mmHg documented by a physician;
65 to 80 years of age;
physically active on land but not water (exercising 3 or more days per week as determined by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire long-form).

Exclusion criteria

any febrile condition and/or infectious diseases;
no other chronic diseases or conditions other than hypertension;
body mass index (BMI) > 35 kg/m2;
active smoker;
physical or mental limitations that prevent exercising.

Treatment and study plan

Water aerobic exercise session (WATER)

Other

A continuous session of dynamic water aerobic exercise which consist of a dynamic warm-up period (5 minutes), an active exercise period (35 minutes), and a cooldown period (5 minutes) to total 45 minutes. Heart rate (HR) will be continuously measured with heart monitors (Polar) to confirm the intensity of the WATER session. The WATER intensity will be calculated according to the formula proposed by Kruel for exercise in an aquatic environment18 as follows: HR for exercise = % x (HRmax - ΔHR); % is the intensity of exercise; HRmax is the maximum HR (estimated by 220 - age); ΔHR represents the difference between resting HR on land and resting HR in the water environment. Exercise intensities: 55-60% HRmax during warm-up; 70-75% HRmax during active exercise; and 55-60% HRmax during cooldown.

Primary outcomes

Blood pressure measurements

Time frame: 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring after water exercise

BP measurements will take and monitored using a 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) protocol according to standard procedures. BP monitoring devices (Spacelab, Redmond, WA, USA) will be used to obtain BP over 21 hours that consiste of four measurements per hour over awake period (10 am to 10 pm) and two measurements per hour over sleep period (10 pm to 6 am). For data analysis we will calculate hourly averages for awake and sleep (during the same periods as mentioned above), and over 21 hours. SBP and DBP data are presente in two different manners: readings per hour during the day and the night periods, and the BP response determined as the difference (delta) between each hourly BP measurement from baseline after WATER compared to CONTROL.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Post-Exercise Hypotension After Water Exercise in Older Women With Hypertension: A Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial

Important dates

Study start: 2016
Primary completion: 2017
Study completion: 2017
First posted: Apr 13, 2017
Registry last updated: Jul 24, 2017

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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