Point Of Care With Serial NT-proBNP Measurement in Patients With Acute Decompensation of Heart Failure

The proposed study is a prospective, unblinded, single center, 2-arm randomized controlled pilot trial. In the intervention arm serial measurement of NT-proBNP will be made available to the treating physician. A control group continuing to undergo care according to the 2016 ESC Guidelines will serve as comparator. Changes in NT-proBNP levels, safety laboratory parameters such as sodium, potassium, creatinine, Heart failure (HF) medication, vital signs, body weight and BMI, Quality of Life (QoL), length of hospital stay, New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class, adverse events, transfer to the Intensive Care Unit and mortality will be recorded in patients with ADHF.

The Kantonsspital Baselland (KSBL) Liestal will be the only study center. All members of the study group will the thoroughly instructed regarding study procedures. Inclusion visits will be conducted only by a member of the study group. All Patients with ADHF on the medical ward of the KSBL Liestal will be provided an information sheet regarding goals and procedures of the study and the informed consent. Inclusion criteria will be checked after admission. Patients not matching the inclusion criteria at the screening visit cannot participate in this study. Patients will be provided sufficient time for their decision. The investigators communicate clearly that participation in the study is absolutely voluntary and refusal of participation has no influence on treatment during hospitalization.

In order to minimize bias that may be introduced by even minor differences in executing and interpreting technical exams, all study related measurements and procedures will be performed in a centralized manner at the KSBL Liestal.

Patients will be included only after approval of informed consent. Randomization is performed using 50 closed envelopes containing a paper shit with either the letter A or B. In total there are 25 A's and 25 B's. The letter A stands for the control group and the letter B for the intervention group. These envelopes are mixed initially, numbered for order purposes and the order maintained throughout the study. The name of the patient will be written down on the envelope. Then it will be open and the patient will be allocated to the study group depending on the letter in the envelope. All patients will undergo an inclusion and discharge visit. General demographic data, including age, gender, nationality, smoking status, alcohol consumption, current profession, exercise behavior, allergies, medication, HF history and comorbidities will be recorded. Assessment of vital signs and body weight will be performed together with an electrocardiogram, several laboratory tests (NT-proBNP, potassium, sodium and creatinine). In addition, questionnaires concerning QoL (SF-12, KCCQ, MLWHFQ) will be filled in by the participants. Women who can get pregnant (not yet in menopause and last menstrual period less than 12 months, not surgically sterilized, ovaries and/or uterus not removed) will have to undergo a pregnancy test prior to inclusion into the study.

Patients allocated to the intervention group (POC-available group) will undergo serial measurements of NT-pro BNP, potassium, sodium, and creatinine every second business day. The investigators have chosen this time-lag because an earlier time point would not show the change of the security parameter creatinine due to longer half-life-time. For this test, blood is collected from the patients. These samplings will be done in the morning together with the regularly blood collection through the attending nurse according to the established procedure of the KSBL Liestal in the morning. 10ml blood will be collected for this study during each blood sample with a standard Lithium-blood-collection tube. Members of the study team will collect the blood samples and analyses them on the study devices. The result of the test will be provided directly to the responsible physician of the medical department at the KSBL Liestal. Treatment changes are at the discretion of the responsible physician. The physician will be alerted by a phone call of a study member if the NT-proBNP hasn't decreased by 10% or more between two measurements. But no specific recommendations with regards to therapy will be provided by the investigator or his team. However, diagnostic and therapeutic decisions will be based on the current 2016 ESC guidelines on the diagnosis and therapy of HF as established at the KSBL Liestal.

Patients allocated to the control group will undergo the measurements at inclusion and discharge visit. The control group conduces to compare the NT-proBNP and HF medication changes under therapy monitoring with serial NT-proBNP measurements to the NT-proBNP and HF medication changes with sign and symptom guided HF therapy. As in the intervention group, diagnostic and therapeutic decisions in the control group will be based on the current 2016 ESC guidelines on the diagnosis and therapy of HF as established at the KSBL Liestal. At discharge, the same measurements as at the inclusion visit will be repeated in all patients to monitor the effects associated with the participation in this trial.

Total study duration will cover a period of approximately 3 years. Patients will be screened until a total of 25 patients are included per study group.

Overall, 50 patients are planned to be recruited. Recruitment is estimated to start in September 2017 and end at the latest in March 2020 after discharge of the last hospitalized patient included in the study. Data collection of the study is expected to be completed by May 2020 and data analysis by December 2020.

The expected duration of the study for each patient will be defined by the time period from inclusion to discharge and is expected to be in the range of 8-12 days (=average time for HF hospitalization of our institution).

As an university institution, the KSBL Liestal mandates its physician and nursing staff to provide evidence-based medical care and to follow recognized and established national and/or international guidelines whenever possible. Nevertheless, deviation from guidelines may be necessary in specific cases. The decision whether and when to deviate from guidelines is at the discretion of the responsible physician and nursing staff and is taken to the best individual knowledge. Patients with ADHF admitted to the Intensive Care Unit are not included in this study. Patients not requiring intensive care treatment will be hospitalized on a regular medical ward and treated with diuretics to improve symptoms of congestion. In case a patient is transferred to the Intensive Care Unit after study inclusion, further data from date of transfer onwards will not be collected, to avoid discomfort to patients and medical personal while the patient is in a critical situation. The study itself is also composed for treatments on a regular medical ward. The transfer to the Intensive Care Unit will serve as the endpoint.

Inclusion criteria

• Signed informed consent
• NYHA functional class II or III
• Symptoms of heart failure:

E.g.: Dyspnea Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea Reduced exercise capacity Fatigue Extended recovery after exercising Peripheral edema (lower leg, ankle) NT-proBNP >300 (pg/ml)

• Age > 18 Years

Exclusion criteria

• NYHA functional class I or IV
• NT-proBNP < 1200 pg/ml and creatinine clearance < 60 ml/min (Clearance (ml/min) = 1.23(women 1.03) x body weight (Kg) x (140-Age)/ creatinine (umol/L)) Creatinine clearence: ___________ <60ml/min
• Heart failure due to chemotherapeutic drugs
• Uncontrolled brady- or tachyarrythmia
• Unstable angina pectoris
• Severe uncorrected valvular disease
• Planned cardiac intervention in the next 6 months
• Clinically significant concomitant disease states:

On-going cancer treatment

• Active infection
• Immunosuppressive medical therapy
• Known or suspected non-compliance, drug or alcohol abuse
• Inability to follow the study procedures (Due to language problems, psychological disorders, dementia, etc.)
• Participation in another intervention study
• Enrolment of investigators or their family members
• Pregnancy, lactation, breast feeding
• Positive pregnancy test for females in childbearing age