Plasmodium Immunotherapy for Advanced Cancers

This study is to enroll 20 patients. Each patient will be vaccinated with P. vivax-infected red blood cells containing approximately 0.3-1.0 × 10^7 Plasmodium parasites and be observed for the exact infection time, parasitemia condition and infection course; principal clinical symptoms such as fever; gastrointestinal reaction; peripheral blood parameters;heart, liver and kidney function; changes in lung function, and dynamic changes in the function of peripheral immune cells. Moreover, the tolerance of patients to Plasmodium infection and changes in tumor-related parameters will be observed preliminarily.The duration of the planned treatment of each subject is 3-6 months. Since the successful infection will be indicated by microscopic observation of parasitemia in peripheral blood samples, the time of the treatment course is based on the presence of peripheral parasitemia. After 3-6 months, parasitemia will be terminated by antimalarial drugs for terminating the treatment of Plasmodium immunotherapy ( the immunological treatment effect may persist after the termination of Plasmodium infection).

Inclusion criteria

• 18-70 years of age, male or female.
• Patients with advanced cancer confirmed by histopathology and imaging; and imaging lesions of the tumor are clear and measurable, including but not limited to colon cancer, breast cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer,sarcoma and other solid tumors (except for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, lymphatic cancer, cervical cancer and melanoma).
• The time interval of the termination of chemotherapy (including interventional chemotherapy) or radiotherapy is at least 3 months for patients who had received chemotherapy (including interventional chemotherapy) or radiotherapy; at least 5 half-life for patients who had received targeted drug therapy (the half-life of targeted drug is according to the drug instructions);
• All the patients who have not received surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy or targeted drug therapy and refuse to accept the above treatments must meet all the remaining requirements that listed in the inclusion criteria;
• ECGO score of 0 or 1;
• Expected survival ≥ 6 months;
• PLT ≥100× 10^9/L, NE ≥ 1.5 × 10^9/L, and HGB ≥ 100 g/L; no significant morphological abnormalities of red blood cells, or anemia (iron deficiency anemia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, thalassemia, etc.);
• The peripheral blood count of immune cells is close to normal or normal, the immune function test result is close to or at the level of normal population, and the function of heart, lung, liver and kidney are basically normal (the liver function classification of Child-push is A or B, Cr≤1.5×ULN);
• Patient compliance meets the need for follow-up;
• The subjects are able to understand and sign informed consent.

Exclusion criteria

• Patients with severe hemoglobin disease or severe G6PD deficiency;
• Patients with splenectomy or splenomegaly;
• Patients with drug addiction or alcohol dependence;
• With the following diseases or conditions: newly diagnosed with CNS metastasis ( excluding that the tumor lesions of the CNS has disappeared after treatment) and serious or uncontrolled systemic disease or any unstable systemic diseases (including but not limited to active infection, grade three hypertension, unstable angina, congestive heart failure, class III or IV heart disease, severe arrhythmia, liver and kidney dysfunction or metabolic disease), a clear history of neurological or psychiatric disorders, etc;
• Accept any other anti-tumor treatment at the same time;
• Patients with significantly lower immune function than those in the normal population;
• Lung function is seriously damaged, the MNW <39% or can't get out of bed, still feel short of breath when resting;
• Rough cough, dyspnea, without normal diet or difficult to cooperate;
• Poor body condition, the researchers assess that the patients can't tolerate the immune therapy;
• Pregnant or lactating women;
• Women of childbearing age with positive result for pregnancy tests;
• Any condition that makes the subject ineligible to participate (in the opinion of the investigator).