Pilot Study of Oral Fluconazole in the Treatment of Acute Cryptococcal Meningitis

Inclusion criteria

Concurrent Medication:

Allowed:

• Antiviral therapy such as zidovudine.
• Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
• Aerosolized pentamidine.

Concurrent Treatment:

Allowed:

• Radiation therapy for mucocutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma.

Written informed consent must be obtained for each patient, either from the patient himself or from the patient's legal guardian.

• No prior systemic antifungal therapy for cryptococcosis.
• Success of prior therapy must have been documented by negative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture at the end of therapy. Following prior therapy, such patients may not have received more than 1 mg/kg/wk amphotericin B in the 4 weeks before entry into study.

Prior Medication:

Allowed:

• Antiviral therapy such as zidovudine.
• Prophylaxis for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
• Aerosolized pentamidine.

Exclusion criteria

Co-existing Condition:

Patients with the following are excluded:

• Evidence of acute or chronic meningitis based upon any etiology other than cryptococcosis.
• History of allergy to or intolerance of imidazoles, azoles, or amphotericin B.
• Moderate or severe liver disease defined by specified lab values.
• Patients who are unable to take oral medication.
• Unlikely to survive more than 2 weeks.
• Renal impairment.

Concurrent Medication:

Excluded:

• Coumarin-type anticoagulants.
• Oral hypoglycemics.
• Barbiturates.
• Phenytoin.
• Immunostimulants.
• Investigational drugs or approved (licensed) drugs for investigational indications other than aerosolized pentamidine.
• Excluded within 4 weeks of study entry:
• Greater than 1 mg/kg/wk amphotericin B.
• Any exceptions to these prohibitions of concomitant medications must be approved by Pfizer Central Research.

Concurrent Treatment:

Excluded:

• Lymphocyte replacement.

Patients with the following are excluded:

• Evidence of acute or chronic meningitis based upon any etiology other than cryptococcosis.
• History of allergy to or intolerance of imidazoles or azoles.
• Moderate or severe liver disease defined by specified lab values.
• Patients who are unable to take oral medication.
• Life expectancy of < 2 weeks.
• Any condition that may impair absorption of oral medication.

Prior Medication:

Excluded:

• Coumarin-type anticoagulants.
• Oral hypoglycemics.
• Barbiturates.
• Phenytoin.
• Immunostimulants.
• Investigational drugs or approved (licensed) drugs for investigational indications other than aerosolized pentamidine.
• Excluded within 4 weeks of study entry:
• Greater than 1 mg/kg/wk amphotericin B.

Prior Treatment:

Excluded:

• Lymphocyte replacement.