Skip to main content
OpenTrials
Completed

NCT Number: NCT03501472

Pictorial Warning Labels, Numeracy, and Memory for Numeric Cigarette Health-risk Information Over Time

Pictorial cigarette warning labels (PWLs) are thought to increase risk knowledge, but experimental research has not examined PWLs' longer term effects on memory for health risks, or for numeric risks (e.g., percentage risk for developing lung cancer). This trial tests memory for numeric health risks immediately or after a six-week delay for US adult smokers. In addition, the trial tests the effects of different warning label components (e.g., whether the numeric risks are percentage or frequency), participants' level of numeric ability, and the consequences of memory for numeric risks on participant risk perceptions and quit intentions.

Completed

Looking for future studies?

Notify Me

Key information

Conditions

Smoking, Cigarette Behavior Cigarette Smoking Health Behavior Smoking Smoking Cessation Tobacco Smoking Tobacco Use

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • at least 18 years old
  • have smoked 100+ lifetime cigarettes
  • currently smoke "every day" or "some days."
  • US resident

Exclusion criteria

  • have not ever smoked a cigarette

Treatment and study plan

text-only PWL

Behavioral

low-emot PWL

Behavioral

high-emot PWL

Behavioral

immed posttest

Behavioral

delay posttest

Behavioral

Primary outcomes

  1. numeric risk recall

    Time frame: immediately following last exposure or after 6-week delay

    free recall for numeric risks presented in labels (e.g., ____% of smokers die before age 85), both for smokers and nonsmokers

  2. numeric risk recognition

    Time frame: immediately following last exposure or after 6-week delay

    Participants answered one multiple choice question about the numeric risk for smokers and nonsmokers (combined in one question) for each of the 8 outcomes that had been paired with the PWLs. For each question, there were four decoy responses.

Secondary outcomes

  1. smoking risk perceptions

    Time frame: immediately following last exposure or after 6-week delay

    Participants completed several scale items about how much risk they perceived smoking posed to them (e.g., "Compared to the average nonsmoker your age, gender, and race, how would you rate your chances of": 1) "getting a life threatening illness because of smoking," 2) "getting lung cancer," and 3) "dying at a younger age than average" (-3 = Much lower, +3 = Much higher))

    They also gave verbal likelihood ratings for each of the 8 outcomes of smoking that had been paired with the labels (e.g., "Thinking of risks that you were shown in the warnings, what is the likelihood of a smoker [non-smoker] dying from heart disease?," 0=impossible, 11=certain)

  2. smoking risk knowledge

    Time frame: immediately following last exposure or after 6-week delay

    Participants listed as many risks of smoking as they could think of.

  3. quit intentions

    Time frame: immediately following last exposure or after 6-week delay

    Participants intentions to quit smoking, Likelihood of smoking within next 30 days, next year (-3 = very unlikely, 3 = very likely)

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Ohio State University

Other

Collaborators

  • University of Pennsylvania

Registry information

Important dates

Study start
2016
Primary completion
2016
Study completion
2016
First posted
Apr 18, 2018
Registry last updated
Apr 18, 2018

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

Related clinical trials

Published trials that share one or more normalized conditions with this study.