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NCT Number: NCT06934265

PhoRTE® Therapy Efficacy: In-Person Versus Telehealth

This study compares how well voice therapy works when delivered in-person versus through telehealth for older adults with age-related voice problems. Researchers are testing whether Phonation Resistance Training Exercises (PhoRTE®) can be just as effective when delivered remotely as when done face-to-face, which could make treatment more accessible and affordable for seniors.

The two primary hypotheses are:

1. Does voice therapy (called PhoRTE®) work as well through video calls as it does face-to-face? 2. Can online therapy be a more accessible way for older adults to get help for their voice problems?

Adults aged 55 or older with voice changes and an applicable diagnosis will be randomly assigned to receive either in-person or telehealth therapy, consisting of four 45-minute sessions. After treatment, researchers will measure improvements through:

* Changes in voice function * Patient reports about their voice * Scientific measurements of voice quality * Patient satisfaction with treatment * Impact on quality of life

The results will help determine if telehealth can be a good alternative to in-person voice therapy, especially important as telehealth coverage may be changing.

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Key information

Conditions

Atrophy of Vocal Cord Adults Aging Communication Disorders Dysphonia Glottic Insufficiency Laryngeal Diseases Mental Disorders Nervous System Diseases Neurobehavioral Manifestations Neurodevelopmental Disorders Neurologic Manifestations Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Presbyphonia Respiratory Tract Diseases Signs and Symptoms Speech Therapy Voice Alteration Voice Change Voice Disorder Voice Disorders

Age range

54 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

USC Voice Center, Arcadia, California, United States

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About this study

This study employs a prospective, noninferiority cohort design to compare the efficacy of in-person versus telehealth delivery of Phonation Resistance Training Exercises (PhoRTE®) for adults aged 55+ diagnosed with presbyphonia.

Participants will be recruited from the USC Voice Center, a multidisciplinary otolaryngology clinic with four outpatient locations in Southern California. Eligible participants must have a primary diagnosis of presbyphonia, age-related voice change, and/or vocal fold atrophy.

The study will use stratified block randomization with a 1:1 allocation ratio to ensure equitable distribution of severity across both treatment groups (in-person and telehealth). Electronic randomization algorithms will be implemented to mitigate selection bias.

Treatment Protocol:

  • Both groups will complete four 45-minute sessions of voice therapy
  • Sessions will be conducted at weekly or biweekly intervals
  • PhoRTE® therapeutic intervention involves exuberant vocalization techniques utilizing high-intensity phonation with expanded oral aperture configuration ("megaphone mouth shape") to optimize phonatory efficiency and augment vocal intensity without inducing vocal strain/hyperfunction

Assessment Measures:

  • Validated patient-reported outcomes:
  • Voice Handicap Index-10 (VHI-10) for quantification of perceived voice-related quality of life impairment
  • Aging Voice Index (AVI) for quantification of perceived voice-related quality of life impairment for aging populations
  • OMNI-Vocal Effort Scale for perceived assessment of effort with voicing
  • Voice Problem Impact Scales (VPIS) for multidimensional evaluation of voice-related quality of life
  • Expert clinical auditory/perceptual measures:

Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (CAPE-V) for voice quality and severity Note: Blinded independent evaluation by voice & upper airways-specialized (VUAD) speech-language pathologists (minimum 5 years specialization in voice disorders with ≥80% voice disorder caseload) analysis of recorded voice samples

  • Instrumental acoustic/aerodynamic measures:
  • Acoustic measures: cepstral peak prominence (CPP), CPP standard deviation (CPP SD), fundamental frequency (fo), and vocal intensity/loudness (dB SPL) in sustained vowels and connected speech - Aerodynamic measures: subglottal pressure (Psub), phonation threshold pressure (PTP), and mean airflow during voicing with corresponding duration and number of replenishing breaths during sustained vowels and connected speech

Data Collection Timeline:

  • Baseline measures will be obtained at the initial interprofessional evaluation
  • Post-intervention evaluations will occur one week after the terminal therapeutic session
  • All measurement parameters will be repeated at both timepoints to assess treatment effects

Sample Size:

The target enrollment is 13-15 participants per treatment group (26-30 participants total), which aligns with previous research on PhoRTE® therapy for presbyphonia.

This protocol follows the tripartite model of evidence-based practice and therefore contains multiple primary outcomes through integration of patient-reported measures, clinical expertise, and instrumental assessment to comprehensively evaluate treatment efficacy across delivery modalities.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Adults 55+ with a primary diagnosis of presbyphonia, age-related voice changes, and/or vocal fold atrophy with or without localized loss of lamina propria (e.g. vocal fold scar)
  • Telehealth-capable device (e.g., tablet, computer) with microphone, speaker, camera, high-speed internet
  • Ability to attend four telehealth or in-person sessions for four consecutive sessions
  • Ability to attend two in-person evaluation sessions (pre- and post-treatment)

Exclusion criteria

  • Presence of localized masses, lesions, or vocal fold motion impairments identified during videostroboscopy at initial evaluation
  • Progressive neurologic conditions, e.g. Parkinson's disease (PD), Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), etc.
  • Previous attendance to exuberant voice therapy (e.g., PhoRTE, Lee Silverman Voice Treatment)
  • Untreated hearing loss
  • Non-English speakers

Treatment and study plan

exuberant voice therapy

Behavioral

exuberant voice therapy validated for patients with age-related voice changes (i.e., vocal fold atrophy, presbyphonia)

Other names: Phonation Resistance Training Exercises (PhoRTE®)

Primary outcomes

  1. Voice Handicap Index-10

    Time frame: up to 16 weeks

    5 point likert scale to assess voice-related quality of life impairment, where 0 = never, 1 = almost never, 2 = sometimes, 3 = almost always, 4 = always. 10 questions in total. Higher score indicates a greater voice handicap. Score of >11 is considered abnormal. Measure will be collected at initial evaluation (baseline) and again following intervention (final evaluation).

  2. Aging Voice Index

    Time frame: up to 16 weeks

    AVI Score at Baseline and re-evaluation. The Aging Voice Index (AVI) is a validated instrument that measures quality of life in older adults with voice disorders. A higher score indicates worse quality of life. Scores range from 0 to 92.

  3. Voice Problem Impact Scales

    Time frame: up to 16 weeks

    A validated self assessment questionnaire in which the participant self-rates impact of voice on four domains of life on 1-7 likert scales (1. work/daily activities, 2. social life, 3. home life, 4. life overall.) Numbers are presented in equally appearing intervals with end anchors where 1=not at all affected and 7=profoundly. A higher score indicates higher degree of impact.

    Measure will be collected at initial evaluation (baseline) and again following intervention (final evaluation).

  4. Consensus Auditory-Perceptual Evaluation of Voice (CAPE-V)

    Time frame: up to 16 weeks

    A validated auditory/perceptual voice quality and severity assessment tool to be used pre- and post-intervention. Blinded independent expert clinicians, identified as SLPs who have 5+ years of experience in the assessment and treatment of patients with voice disorders and who currently maintain a caseload of at least 80% voice patients, will assess recorded voice samples to describe participant voice quality and severity using the CAPE-V.

    Measure will be collected at initial evaluation (baseline) and again following intervention (final evaluation).

  5. OMNI Vocal Effort Scale

    Time frame: up to 16 weeks

    Visual analog scale for patient-perceived vocal effort on a 0-10 scale where 0=extremely easy and 10=extremely hard. Patient is asked for perception of current voice effort during assessment and highest effort level experienced.

  6. Acoustic Assessment: voicing intensity

    Time frame: up to 16 weeks

    Acoustic measure in sustained voicing via mean intensity (in dB SPL) and its standard deviation across a. standardized vowel /a/, b. standardized reading passage (Rainbow passage), and c. running, conversational speech.

    Measure will be collected at initial evaluation (baseline) and again following intervention (final evaluation).

  7. Acoustic Assessment: Cepstral Peak Prominence

    Time frame: up to 16 weeks

    Acoustic measure in sustained voicing using Cepstral Peak Prominence and its standard deviation while reading a standardized passage (Rainbow passage).

    Measure will be collected at initial evaluation (baseline) and again following intervention (final evaluation).

  8. Aerodynamic Measurement: phonatory airflow during speech

    Time frame: up to 16 weeks

    Airflow during voicing will be measured at baseline and again at final evaluation using the Phonatory Aerodynamic System Model 6600 (PAS; PENTAX Medical). Assessment includes flow during voicing across a. sustained vowel /a/ and running speech (first four sentences of standardized Rainbow Passage).

    The PAS reports airflow during voicing using a pneumotach with integrated facemask and external microphone. During voicing, pressure transducers on either side of the terminal collects and converts the air flow across time to determine airflow rate. The microphone captures the acoustic signal according to terminal-specific standardized calibration. Subjects maintain upright seated posture with the face mask firmly pressed to their face, ensuring an airtight seal over oral and nasal cavities during this task.

  9. Aerodynamic Measurement: subglottal pressure

    Time frame: up to 16 weeks

    Subglottal pressure (Psub) will be measured at initial evaluation (baseline) and again at the conclusion of therapeutic intervention (final evaluation) using the Phonatory Aerodynamic System Model 6600 (PAS; PENTAX Medical). Assessment utilizes the valid labial interruption task via /pipipi/ syllable production task.

    The PAS collects intraoral pressure, which is a validated, non-invasive approximate to subglottal pressure. The participant thens produce the sequence at a comfortable pitch and loudness. Analysis then extracts the subglottal pressure by measuring airflow and intraoral pressure during speech.

  10. Aerodynamic Measurement: phonation threshold pressure

    Time frame: up to 16 weeks

    Phonation threshold pressure (PTP) will be measured at initial evaluation (baseline) and again at the conclusion of therapeutic intervention (final evaluation) using the Phonatory Aerodynamic System Model 6600 (PAS; PENTAX Medical). Assessment utilizes the valid labial interruption task via /pipipi/ syllable production. PTP is the minimum subglottal pressure required to initiate and sustain vocal fold oscillation.

    The PAS collects intraoral pressure, which is a validated, non-invasive approximate to subglottal pressure. The participant thens produces the sequence at their softest vocal intensity. Analysis extracts the PTP by measuring the relationship between airflow and intraoral pressure at softest possible voicing.

  11. Aerodynamic Measurement: number of breaths

    Time frame: up to 16 weeks

    mean number of breaths across a standardized reading passage (The Rainbow Passage) collected at baseline (initial evaluation) and once again after intervention (final evaluation).

  12. duration across standardized reading passage

    Time frame: up to 16 weeks

    mean duration (in seconds) to complete the reading of a standard passage (The Rainbow Passage).

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

Alexandra Chace Purdy, BM, MA

CONTACT

[email protected]

607 592-9123

M. Eugenia Castro, MS CCC-SLP

CONTACT

[email protected]

(323) 833-4530

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

University of Southern California

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Phonation Resistance Training Exercises (PhoRTE®) Delivered In-person and Via Telehealth: A Noninferiority Randomized Clinical Trial

Important dates

Study start
2026
Primary completion
2026
Study completion
2026
First posted
Apr 18, 2025
Registry last updated
Jan 13, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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