Phase II/III Trial of PRL3-Zumab in Advanced Solid Tumor Patients

Safety:

Patient safety will be evaluated based on physical examination, vital signs (blood pressure [systolic and diastolic], heart rate, respiratory rate, and temperature), clinical laboratory tests (hematology, clinical chemistry, coagulation) and adverse events per CTCAE v5. Patient safety will be assessed on an ongoing basis during each cycle.

Quality of life assessment EQ-5D and EORTC-QLQ-C30 questionnaire scores will be obtained at Screening and every 2 cycles (8 weeks ± 2 days) for C1 to C4 and 8 weeks ±7 days for the rest of the scheduled visits) for the duration of the study.

DURATION OF THE STUDY:

The planned duration of the treatment is till patient meets discontinuation criteria. In addition, the study includes a patient enrolment period of 14 days, EOT visit within 14 days after last dose of study treatment and an EOS visit for safety follow-up 28 days after the last dose of study treatment. Survival study follow-up call will be done monthly till 6 months after EOS visit.

Cycle Period Per Treatment:

One cycle of treatment will be 2 infusions administration (4-week) (PK T1/2= 12 days ±2 days for each infusion).

Treatment Period:

PRL3-zumab will be administered till progression of disease (iRECIST or clinical criteria), intolerable toxicity or withdrawal of consent.

STATISTICAL CONSIDERATIONS:

Sample Size Determination Sample size: for alpha, α = 0.05 and power, β = 0.9 PRL3-zumab therapy: 30% PRL3-zumab therapy min response rate: 10% Number of patients in each arms (treatment group) for phase II (Stage): 22 Response R: 2 No patients in each arms (treatment group): 33 Response R: 6 Total patients adjusted for 10% dropout:42 Total patients adjusted for 20% dropout: 52

Sample size was estimated based on the primary efficacy parameter, which is the PFS or TTP as per iRECIST criteria base on the investigator's assessment of tumor response for patients with PRL3-zumab. The tumor response of the Solid Tumor is defined as Progression Free Survival (PFS) or Time to progression (TTP) with minimum survival of 6 months.

Assume an overall response rate of 30% to PRL3-zumab therapy and there will be no further interest in this combination treatment if the response rate was as low as 10% (less than half the treated patients).

By using the Simon's minimax design with type 1 and type 2 errors of 0.05 and 0.1, 22 patients will be enrolled in stage 1 (Phase 2), requiring at least 2 responses before proceeding to enroll an additional 11 patients in stage 2 (Phase 3).

Therefore, a total of 33 patients will be enrolled. PRL3-zumab will be rejected as ineffective if less than 6 out of the total of 33 patients responded to PRL3-zumab therapy.

Taking into account of drop-out rate of 10%, total of 42 patients will be enrolled.

Taking into account of drop-out rate of 20%, total of 52 patients will be enrolled.

Primary endpoint is solid tumor response to PRL3-zumab. Solid tumor respond is define as patients who has achieve Progression Free Survival (PFS) or Time to Progression with minimum 6 months. Progression Free Survival is defined as the time from random assignment to disease progression or death in any cause.

PRL3-zumab is a novel unconventional cancer immunotherapy behind Standard of Care (SOC), we will follow the protocol to recruit ~ 33 patients with life expectancy > 6-month survival for 12 doses to be evaluated at three time points: > 4, > 8, >12 doses respectively for PFS/TTP.). Patients who do not have at least one evaluable post-baseline tumor assessment (< 4 doses) will be replaced .

Clinical benefits related to tumor sizes, blood tests, cancer markers will be analyzed back to back within the same patients.

The objectives are to identify patients who will respond to PRL3-zumab better than their own prior lines of SOCs. Since PRL3-zumab is a single arm/monotherapy trial, we will also compare with historical data as additional control arms of drug efficacy study.

An interim analysis will be conducted for efficacy and safety when approximately 30 patients completed the minimum 6 months follow-up with 22 evaluable patients. The result of the phase II analysis requiring at least 2 responses before proceeding to enroll an additional 11 patients to proceed with phase III.

Efficacy Analyses:

The primary efficacy endpoint is the PFS or TTP as per iRECIST criteria based on the Investigator's assessment of tumor response. The count and percentage of patients with responses along with the corresponding 95% confidence interval will be calculated and presented.

Secondary efficacy endpoints will be analyzed as follows:

CBR will be analyzed using the same methodology as for the primary efficacy endpoint.

Counts and percentages of patients with responses, along with exact 95% CI will be presented. CBR is defined as the percentage of patients who have achieved CR, PR, or SD at > 4 doses, 8 doses, and 12 doses during the Treatment Period as per iRECIST criteria based on Investigator's assessment.

Safety Analysis:

AEs will be classified according to CTCAE v5 or the latest version. Treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), Treatment-related TRAEs, serious TEAEs, TEAE of Grade 2 or greater, TEAEs leading to death, TEAEs leading to treatment discontinuation, and TEAEs leading to dose modification will be summarized respectively. Clinical laboratory data, vital signs, and ECOG PS will be summarized descriptively. Physical examinations findings will be presented in a listing.

Inclusion criteria

• Men and women aged 18 - 75 years with solid tumors
• Willing to provide written informed consent for the study.
• Histopathological diagnosis and metastatic status cancer at study entry.
• Stage 1-3 patients with no more than 3 prior lines of treatment
• Life expectancy of more than 6 months (especially for Pancreatic cancer patients).
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (PS) score of 0 or 1.
• Patient should have recovered from toxicity of prior treatment regimen to Grade 1 level except for alopecia or peripheral neuropathy or fatigue as defined by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version 5.
• Women of childbearing potential (WOCBP) must have a negative serum pregnancy test at study entry and must follow highly effective contraception
• Adequate organ and hematological function as evidenced by the following laboratory studies within 10 days of treatment:

• Absolute neutrophil count ≥ 1.0 x 109/L.
• Platelet count ≥ 75 x 109/L. Hemoglobin ≥ 90 g/L (9 g/dL).
• Prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time ≤ 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) per institutional laboratory normal range.
• Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5x ULN.
• Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase ≤ 2.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) (≤ 5 x ULN in the presence of liver metastases).
• For patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) Child Pugh score of ≤ B7.
• Creatinine < 1.5x ULN.
• Measurable disease by iRECIST.
• No history of active hepatitis B or C infection.

Exclusion criteria

• Patient has known untreated or symptomatic central nervous system metastasis.
• Female patient is pregnant, breastfeeding, or expecting to conceive children while receiving study treatment and for 150 days (for pregnancy or conception) or 30 days (for breastfeeding) after the last dose of study treatment.
• Patient has known history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (HIV-1 or HIV-2 antibodies).
• Patient is receiving systemic glucocorticoids (only if higher than 10 mg or equivalent of prednisolone daily) or other immunosuppressive treatment for autoimmune disease or any other medical condition.
• Patient has experienced a severe hypersensitivity reaction to another monoclonal antibody.
• Patient has received treatment with any systemic anti-cancer therapies within 3 weeks prior to starting study treatment.
• Patient has undergone radiotherapy ≤ 4 weeks or limited field radiation for palliation ≤ 2 weeks prior to starting study treatment.
• Patient is unable to provide informed consent.
• Patient has received a prior stem cell or bone marrow transplant.
• Patient with abnormal cachexia.
• Patient with distended abdomen from ascites.
• Patient is currently participating in a treatment study or has participated in a study of an investigational agent within 4 weeks prior to the anticipated first dose of study treatment in this study.