Personal KinetiGraph® Clinical Validation Study

The PKG's step detection system and manual step counts may be compared between healthy controls and person's with Parkinson's disease, while their walking is video recorded.

For this outcome, patients may be classified as Device Assisted Therapy (DAT) criteria positive or criteria negative. DAT readiness may be evaluated using the Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). The MDS-UPDRS evaluates motor and non-motor symptoms in persons with Parkinson's and consists of 4 parts. Parts I and II each contain 13 questions, Part III contains 33 and Part IV contains 6. Each score ranges from 0 (normal) to 4 (severe). Higher scores indicate a greater impact of Parkinson's disease symptoms. PKG measurements may be compared to the patient's clinical characteristics and MDS-UPDRS scores.

Data collected from the PKG system may be compared to scores from the Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) and the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39). The MDS-UPDRS evaluates motor and non-motor symptoms in persons with Parkinson's and consists of 4 parts. Parts I and II each contain 13 questions, Part III contains 33 and Part IV contains 6. Each score ranges from 0 (normal) to 4 (severe). Higher scores indicate a greater impact of Parkinson's disease symptoms. The PDQ-39 includes 39 questions that assess Parkinson's disease health related quality of life. Each dimension total score range from 0 (never have difficulty) to 100 (always have difficulty).

Data collected from the PKG system may be compared to scores from the Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) and the Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39). The MDS-UPDRS evaluates motor and non-motor symptoms in persons with Parkinson's and consists of 4 parts. Parts I and II each contain 13 questions, Part III contains 33 and Part IV contains 6. Each score ranges from 0 (normal) to 4 (severe). Higher scores indicate a greater impact of Parkinson's disease symptoms. The PDQ-39 includes 39 questions that assess Parkinson's disease health related quality of life. Each dimension total score range from 0 (never have difficulty) to 100 (always have difficulty).

PKG measurements may be compared to data collected from freezing of gait questionnaire (FOG-Q) and posture analysis. The FOG-Q assesses freezing of gait severity and consists of 4 questions, each scored from 0-4. Higher scores indicates more severe freezing of gait. Step count performance may also be used to evaluate fall prediction. The PKG's step detection system and manual step counts may be compared between healthy controls and person's with Parkinson's disease, while their walking is video recorded.

Disease progression may be evaluated by predicting the levodopa response using severity levels of the Bradykinesia Score (BKS) and early morning Bradykinesia. Changes in PKG measurements may be compared to the MDS-UPDRS which evaluates motor and non-motor symptoms in persons with Parkinson's and consists of 4 parts. Parts I and II each contain 13 questions, Part III contains 33 and Part IV contains 6. Each score ranges from 0 (normal) to 4 (severe). Higher scores indicate a greater impact of Parkinson's disease symptoms.

PKG system data may be compared to non-motor assessments such as the non-motor questionnaire (NMSQ). The NMSQ includes questions regarding non-motor symptoms such as difficulty swallowing, constipation, difficulty sleeping, cognition, mood. Higher scores indicate more non-motor symptoms.

PKG measurements will be recorded and compared across age ranges (40-90 years old as defined in the Inclusion Criteria) for subjects enrolled. Age categories from 40-59 years old, 60-79 years old and 80-90 years old will be evaluated.

The MDS-UPDRS evaluates motor and non-motor symptoms in persons with Parkinson's and consists of 4 parts. Parts I and II each contain 13 questions, Part III contains 33 and Part IV contains 6. Each score ranges from 0 (normal) to 4 (severe). Higher scores indicate a greater impact of Parkinson's disease symptoms.

The PDQ-39 includes 39 questions that assess Parkinson's disease health related quality of life. Each dimension total score range from 0 (never have difficulty) to 100 (always have difficulty).

The FOG-Q assesses freezing of gait severity and consists of 4 questions, each scored from 0-4. Higher scores indicates more severe freezing of gait.

TETRAS assesses essential tremor severity and its impact on activities of daily living (ADL). The ADL section includes 12 items and the performance section includes 9. Each item is rated 0-4. Higher scores indicate more severe impacts of ADL and tremor.

Subject diaries will include recordings of medication times, falls, symptoms and sleep.

The NMSQ includes 30 questions, answered either yes or no, and assesses the presence, not severity, of non-motor symptoms.

The ESS includes 8 questions each scored from 0-3 with a maximum score of 24. The higher the ESS score, the higher that person's average sleep propensity or 'daytime sleepiness'.

The PDSS includes 15 questions, each rated from 0 to 10, with 0 being "Awful" or "Always" and 10 being "Excellent" or "Never".

The MoCA is an assessment used for detecting cognitive impairment. The scores range from 0 to 30 with 0 being the lowest and 30 being the highest.

The EQ-5D assesses health-related quality of life. Each question is scored from either 1-3 or 1-5, with 1 indicating no problems and 3 or 5 indicating extreme problems.

PKG product usability and satisfaction questionnaires will be used to evaluate this outcome. Responses to questions range from very difficult to very easy, strongly disagree to strongly agree, very uncomfortable to very comfortable.