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Completed

NCT Number: NCT07480291

Periodontal Status and Cytokine Levels in Patients With Non-Infectious Uveitis

This cross-sectional observational study aimed to evaluate periodontal clinical parameters and inflammatory cytokine levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), saliva, and serum in patients with non-infectious uveitis (NIU) compared with systemically healthy individuals.

Twenty-five patients diagnosed with non-infectious uveitis and twenty-seven age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included. Clinical periodontal parameters including probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, plaque index, gingival index, and bleeding on probing were recorded. Biological samples including saliva, gingival crevicular fluid, and serum were collected.

Levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-17 were measured using ELISA. The study aimed to investigate whether periodontal inflammatory status and systemic cytokine profiles are associated with non-infectious uveitis.

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Key information

Conditions

Non-Infectious Uveitis Mouth Diseases Periodontal Disease Periodontal Diseases Stomatognathic Diseases

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Observational

Primary location

Selcuk University Faculty of Dentistry

Konya, Turkey (Türkiye)

About this study

Non-infectious uveitis (NIU) is an immune-mediated inflammatory condition affecting the uveal tract of the eye and may be associated with systemic immune dysregulation. Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by destruction of the supporting tissues of the teeth and is known to contribute to systemic inflammatory burden through the release of cytokines and other inflammatory mediators.

Both NIU and periodontal disease involve complex immune responses and cytokine networks. However, the potential relationship between periodontal inflammation and NIU remains unclear. The present cross-sectional study was designed to investigate possible associations between periodontal clinical status and systemic and local inflammatory cytokine profiles in patients with NIU.

Participants included patients diagnosed with non-infectious uveitis and systemically healthy control individuals. Periodontal examinations were performed and biological samples including gingival crevicular fluid, saliva, and serum were collected. Levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-17 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

The objective of this study was to compare periodontal parameters and cytokine levels between NIU patients and healthy controls in order to evaluate whether periodontal inflammatory burden is associated with systemic immune alterations in individuals with non-infectious uveitis.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Participants aged 18 years or older.
  • Patients diagnosed with non-infectious uveitis according to the
  • Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) criteria.
  • Presence of at least 20 natural teeth.
  • Individuals who agreed to participate in the study and provided informed consent.

Exclusion criteria

  • Presence of infectious uveitis.
  • Pregnancy or lactation.
  • Use of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, or immunosuppressive therapy within the previous 6 months.
  • History of periodontal treatment within the previous 6 months.
  • Presence of systemic diseases known to affect periodontal status.
  • Current smokers.

Treatment and study plan

Primary outcomes

  1. IL-10 concentration in serum (pg/L)

    Time frame: Baseline

    IL-10 concentration was measured in serum samples using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cytokine concentrations were calculated based on standard curves and expressed as picograms per liter (pg/L).

Secondary outcomes

  1. TNF-α concentration in gingival crevicular fluid (ng/sec)

    Time frame: Baseline

    TNF-α concentration was measured in gingival crevicular fluid samples using ELISA. Total cytokine amount was calculated by multiplying concentration by sample volume and expressed as nanograms per second (ng/sec).

  2. TNF-α concentration in saliva (ng/min)

    Time frame: Baseline

    TNF-α concentration was measured in saliva samples using ELISA. Salivary cytokine amounts were adjusted for salivary flow rate and expressed as nanograms per minute (ng/min).

  3. TNF-α concentration in serum (ng/L)

    Time frame: Baseline

    TNF-α concentration was measured in serum samples using ELISA and expressed as nanograms per liter (ng/L).

  4. IL-1β concentration in gingival crevicular fluid (pg/sec)

    Time frame: Baseline

    IL-1β concentration was measured in gingival crevicular fluid samples using ELISA. Total cytokine amount was calculated by multiplying concentration by sample volume and expressed as picograms per second (pg/sec).

  5. IL-1β concentration in saliva (pg/min)

    Time frame: Baseline

    IL-1β concentration was measured in saliva samples using ELISA. Salivary cytokine amounts were adjusted for salivary flow rate and expressed as picograms per minute (pg/min).

  6. IL-1β concentration in serum (pg/L)

    Time frame: Baseline

    IL-1β concentration was measured in serum samples using ELISA and expressed as picograms per liter (pg/L).

  7. IL-2 concentration in gingival crevicular fluid (ng/sec)

    Time frame: Baseline

    IL-2 concentration was measured in gingival crevicular fluid samples using ELISA and expressed as nanograms per second (ng/sec).

  8. IL-2 concentration in saliva (ng/min)

    Time frame: Baseline

    IL-2 concentration was measured in saliva samples using ELISA and expressed as nanograms per minute (ng/min).

  9. IL-2 concentration in serum (ng/L)

    Time frame: Baseline

    IL-2 concentration was measured in serum samples using ELISA and expressed as nanograms per liter (ng/L).

  10. IL-6 concentration in gingival crevicular fluid (ng/sec)

    Time frame: Baseline

    IL-6 concentration was measured in gingival crevicular fluid samples using ELISA and expressed as nanograms per second (ng/sec).

  11. IL-6 concentration in saliva (ng/min)

    Time frame: Baseline

    IL-6 concentration was measured in saliva samples using ELISA and expressed as nanograms per minute (ng/min).

  12. IL-6 concentration in serum (ng/L)

    Time frame: Baseline

    IL-6 concentration was measured in serum samples using ELISA and expressed as nanograms per liter (ng/L).

  13. IL-8 concentration in gingival crevicular fluid (ng/sec)

    Time frame: Baseline

    IL-8 concentration was measured in gingival crevicular fluid samples using ELISA and expressed as nanograms per second (ng/sec).

  14. IL-8 concentration in saliva (ng/min)

    Time frame: Baseline

    IL-8 concentration was measured in saliva samples using ELISA and expressed as nanograms per minute (ng/min).

  15. IL-8 concentration in serum (ng/L)

    Time frame: Baseline

    IL-8 concentration was measured in serum samples using ELISA and expressed as nanograms per liter (ng/L).

  16. IL-10 concentration in gingival crevicular fluid (pg/sec)

    Time frame: Baseline

    IL-10 concentration was measured in gingival crevicular fluid samples using ELISA and expressed as picograms per second (pg/sec).

  17. IL-10 concentration in saliva (pg/min)

    Time frame: Baseline

    IL-10 concentration was measured in saliva samples using ELISA and expressed as picograms per minute (pg/min).

  18. IL-17 concentration in gingival crevicular fluid (ng/sec)

    Time frame: Baseline

    IL-17 concentration was measured in gingival crevicular fluid samples using ELISA and expressed as nanograms per second (ng/sec).

  19. IL-17 concentration in saliva (ng/min)

    Time frame: Baseline

    IL-17 concentration was measured in saliva samples using ELISA and expressed as nanograms per minute (ng/min).

  20. IL-17 concentration in serum (ng/L)

    Time frame: Baseline

    IL-17 concentration was measured in serum samples using ELISA and expressed as nanograms per liter (ng/L).

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Selcuk University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Periodontal Status and Cytokines in Individuals With Non-Infectious Uveitis

Acronym: NIU-PERIO

Important dates

Study start
2020
Primary completion
2021
Study completion
2021
First posted
Mar 18, 2026
Registry last updated
Mar 18, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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