Pericardial Matrix With Mesenchymal Stem Cells for the Treatment of Patients With Infarcted Myocardial Tissue

Myocardial infarction causes necrosis of myocardial cells and reduces cardiac function. Today there are treatments such as primary angioplasty and thrombolysis that are effective in limiting cell death after acute myocardial infarction. However, the post-infarct scar often conditions a global ventricular remodeling that can evolve clinically towards heart failure and, in more advanced stages, the only therapy that completely restores cardiac function is heart transplantation.

Experimental studies are evaluating new therapeutic approaches based on tissue engineering for myocardial regeneration. Cardiac tissue engineering attempts to create functional tissue constructs that can restore the structure and function of damaged myocardium.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells that develop from embryonic mesoderm and are found in all structural tissues of the body.

In the field of cardiac regeneration, studies have shown a certain degree of benefit when treated with MSCs from different origins. The investigators approach is based on a decellularized matrix that carries the cells directly over myocardial infarction.

Among the different types of MSC currently available, the investigators propose the use of those derived from the connective tissue surrounding the great vessels (2 arteries and one vein) of the umbilical cord called Wharton's gelatin (MSC, WJ) whose immunomodulatory properties are described extensively in the literature. These MSC, WJ cells have a PEI approved by the Spanish Agency for Medicines and Healthcare Products (AEMPS) (PEI 16-017) that guarantees an optimal manufacturing process for a clinical trial.

Inclusion criteria

• Myocardial infarction of ≥50% of transmurally due to MR
• Candidate for coronary by-pass through that or another territory
• Age ≥18 years
• Signature of informed consent
• Wave Q present in the ECG
• Followed by the cardiology service of Germans Trial i Pujol hospital

Exclusion criteria

• Severe valvular disease with indication of surgical repair
• Candidate for ventricular remodeling
• Contraindication for MR (creatinine clearance less than 30 ml / min / 1.73m2, metallic implant carriers, claustrophobia)
• Extracardiac disease with estimated life expectancy less than 1 year
• Neoplastic disease detected in the last five years or without complete remission
• Severe renal or hepatic insufficiency
• Abnormal laboratory values, not explainable at the time of inclusion, and that at the discretion of the investigator contraindicate the patient's participation in the study
• Patients with a previous cardiac intervention
• Women who are pregnant or breast-feeding.
• Women of childbearing age who are heterosexually active and who do not use an effective contraceptive method from 14 days before the inclusion in the study and at least up to 12 weeks after the end of the study.
• Simultaneous participation in another clinical trial or treatment with another product in investigational phase in the 30 days prior to inclusion in the study.
• Negation of the patient to be followed by a period that exceeds the clinical trial itself (long-term follow-up in the second and third year).