Pelvic Control Training Using Pressure Biofeedback Versus Core Stability Training in Non-Specific Low Back Pain

A randomized controlled trial compared core stabilization exercises with routine exercise therapy in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain. Participants were randomly allocated into two groups, with both groups receiving conventional hot pack therapy three times per week for four weeks. Pain and functional disability were assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Both interventions significantly improved outcomes; however, core stabilization exercises produced greater reductions in pain and disability than routine exercise therapy.

Another randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of core stability training (CST) alone versus combined core and pelvic floor muscle (PFM) training in sedentary women with low back pain. Participants were allocated into a control group, a CST group, and a combined training group, with supervised sessions conducted three times weekly for four weeks. Although both exercise interventions significantly improved trunk muscle endurance and reduced pain, CST alone demonstrated greater improvements in lumbar function than the combined intervention.

A randomized controlled trial compared traditional lumbar dynamic strength training with stabilization exercises using pressure biofeedback in patients with chronic low back pain. Outcomes included pain intensity, disability, lumbar mobility, transversus abdominis strength, quality of life, and fear-avoidance beliefs. Both interventions significantly improved all measured outcomes, with no statistically significant differences between groups, indicating comparable effectiveness.

A comparative study evaluated Maitland mobilization and core stability exercises in adults with chronic nonspecific low back pain. Pain and disability were measured using the VAS and ODI before and after treatment. Both interventions significantly reduced pain and improved functional disability, with no clear superiority of either treatment approach.

A randomized study compared pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) with conventional physiotherapy treatment. Participants received routine physiotherapy alone, PFMT, or PFMT combined with transversus abdominis co-activation. Functional disability and pain were assessed using the ODI and Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). PFMT, particularly when combined with transversus abdominis activation, resulted in greater improvements in pain and disability, supporting its role as an adjunct to conservative management.

Another study evaluated the effectiveness of a core stability training program in women with chronic nonspecific low back pain. Participants who completed the structured exercise program demonstrated significant reductions in pain intensity and improvements in functional performance compared with the control group, supporting the therapeutic benefits of core stabilization exercises.

A randomized trial compared stabilization exercises alone with stabilization exercises combined with pelvic floor muscle training and physical therapy in women with nonspecific low back pain. The combined intervention produced greater improvements in pain, functional ability, and static and dynamic trunk muscle endurance than stabilization exercises alone.

A clinical study examined the effects of performing proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) lower extremity patterns with and without a pressure biofeedback unit (PBU) in individuals with chronic low back pain. The use of the PBU significantly increased abdominal muscle activation and reduced lumbopelvic rotation, indicating enhanced lumbopelvic stability and motor control during exercise.

Inclusion criteria

• Children aged 18-30 years.
• The body mass index within the typical range of 18.5 to 24.9 kg/m².
• No history of musculoskeletal, neurological, or vestibular disorders.
• Physically active individuals not engaged in regular core or balance training programs in the last 3 months.
• Willing to provide informed consent and comply with the study protocol.

Exclusion criteria

• History of lower extremity, spinal, or pelvic injuries in the past 6 months.
• Current pain, dizziness, or balance impairments.
• Known postural deformities (e.g., scoliosis, hyper lordosis).
• Neurological, cardiovascular, or systemic conditions affecting balance or motor performance.
• Pregnancy or recent childbirth (<6 months)
• Participation in any other interventional study during the study period.