Parkinson and the Males Body Composition

Primary outcomes

1. The body composition variables or the bioelectrical impedance variables

   Time frame: From February 2025 to February 2025

   weight (kg), fat-free mass in absolute terms (FFMa) (kg), fat-free mass in relative terms (FFMr) (normalized per kg of body mass -kg/kg of body weight-), fat-free mass of the right arm (FFMRA) (kg), fat-free mass of the left arm (FFMLA) (kfg), difference between the FFMRA and the FFMLA (%), fat-free mass of the right leg (FFMRL) (kg), fat-free of the mass left leg (FFMLL) (kg), difference between the FFMRL and the FFMLL (%), body fat mass (BFM) (kg), skeletal muscle mass (SMM) (kg), body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2), percentage body fat (PBF) (%), total body water in absolute terms (TBWa) (L), total body water in relative terms (TBWr) (normalized per kg of body mass -kg/kg of body weight-), total water of the right arm (TWRA) (L), total water of the left arm (TWLA) (L), difference between the TWRA and the TWLA (%), total water of the right leg (TWRL) (L), total water of the left leg (TWLL) (L), difference between the TWRL and the TWLL (%), intracellular water (ICW) (L), extracellular

2. The Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson´s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS))

   Time frame: From February 2025 to February 2025

   MDS-UPDRS: Spanish validated version of the MDS-UPDRS. The possible score ranges from 0 to 72 points whereby 0 points represent a healthy status and the more points, the worse health status.

3. The Ten-Meter Walk Test

   Time frame: From February 2025 to February 2025

   The Ten-Meter Walk Test: performance measure used to assess walking speed in meters per second over a short distance (10 meters).

4. Step length

   Time frame: From February 2025 to February 2025

   The step length of the patients will be determined using kinematic gait analysis during the TMWT, utilizing the OptoGait system (Microgait, Optogait, v.1.12.21, Italy). The step length of the patients will be determined in cm. This system consists of transmitter and receiver bars equipped with optical sensors operating at a frequency of 1000 Hz, which will be positioned along the ten-meter walking corridor, from meter two to meter seven.

5. : Spanish validated version of the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH)

   Time frame: From February 2025 to February 2025

   DASH: Spanish validated version of the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand. The possible score ranges from 0 (which means no disability) to 100 (which means most severe disability). Higher scores indicate a greater level of disability and severity, whereas, lower scores indicate a lower level of disability.

6. The Timed up and Go Test (TUG)

   Time frame: From February 2025 to February 2025

   TUG: The TUG measures of functional mobility that was initially developed to identify mobility and balance impairments. Participants takes to rise from a chair, walk three meters, turn around 180 degrees, walk back to the chair, and sit down while turning 180 degrees, as fast as they can (the time of the test is determined in sec).

7. Handgrip Strength of both hands.

   Time frame: From February 2025 to February 2025

   Handgrip Strength of both hands: manual dynamometer measured in kilograms.

8. Static posturography

   Time frame: From February 2025 to February 2025

   Static posturography, assessed by measurement of the center of pressure (CoP). These CoP parameters; Length, in mm, Area in mm2 and Speed, Xspeed and Yspeed in m/s will be combined to report the patient´s static posturography.

9. The nine holes peg test (9-HPT)

   Time frame: From February 2025 to February 2025

   The nine holes peg test (9-HPT) is a brief, standardized, quantitative test of upper extremity function. Both the dominant and non-dominant hands are tested twice. The patient is seated at a table with a small, shallow container holding nine pegs and a wood or plastic block containing nine empty holes. On a start command when a stopwatch is started, the patient picks up the nine pegs one at a time as quickly as possible, puts them in the nine holes, and, once they are in the holes, removes them again as quickly as possible one at a time, replacing them into the shallow container. The total time to complete the task is recorded in minutes. Two consecutive trials with the dominant hand are immediately followed by two consecutive trials with the non-dominant hand. The score for the 9-HPT is an average of the four trials. The two trials for each hand are averaged, converted to the reciprocals of the mean times for each hand and then the two reciprocals are averaged.