Pain Neuroscience Education for Middle School Students

Children's physical activity levels will be assessed with the "Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C 8-14)". The scale is an assessment tool that children can self-administer, developed by Crocker et al (Crocker et al., 1997) for children in the 4th to 8th grades. There is also a form of the same scale developed for adolescents (Kowalski et al., 1997). The physical activity scale developed for older children has a total of 10 items based on a 5-point Likert scale (1 point: lowest, 5 points: highest) that measure children's physical activity levels in the last week.

In order to evaluate children's sleep prices, the Child Sleep Habits Questionnaire-short formulas, which were separated by Owens and colleagues (Owens et al., 2000) in 2000 and comprehensively covering children's sleep quality and sleep conduction, will be used (Owens et al., 2000). The questionnaire, which can be done in Turkish and has been made reliable by Balık et al. (Fis et al., 2011), consists of a total of 33 items. The total score of 41 is accepted as the cut-off point and values above this are evaluated as 'clinically significant sleep disturbance'.

Children's pain concept (pain knowledge, beliefs and attitudes towards pain) levels will be assessed with the "Pain Conceptualization Scale (COPI)".

The Pain Conceptualization Scale is a 14-item scale developed by Pate et al (Pate et al., 2020) to assess children's pain knowledge, beliefs and attitudes towards pain. This scale includes pain-related items based on 7 areas suggested by pediatric pain specialists. Each item is evaluated according to a 5-point Likert Scale ranging from "strongly agree (4 points)" to "strongly disagree (0 points)".

Higher scores indicate higher levels of compliance with pain science.

Children's participation in leisure activities will be assessed through the participation section/domain of the Participation Environment Measure for Children and Youth (PEM-CY) (Coster et al., 2011). The participation section in the PEM-CY consists of 10 items for home environments, 5 items for school environments, and 10 items for community environments. This scale will be administered by the children's parents.

Children's school attendance will be evaluated with the "e-school absence tracking" (Golcuk, 2015) system. This information will be requested from the school administration. Beforehand, parents will be contacted by phone and their consent will be obtained with the Personal Data Protection (PDPL) Informed Consent Form.

This information will be requested from physical education teachers. Parents will be contacted by phone beforehand and their consent will be obtained with the Personal Data Protection (PDP) Informed Consent Form. Children's attendance to physical education classes will be evaluated by the physical education teacher by answering the following questions:

• Has he/she missed physical education classes due to pain in the last 3 months - yes/no; if yes, how many days/lessons?

Information on the frequency of children's doctor visits will be requested from the children's parents. The parents will be contacted by phone and their consent will be obtained with the Informed Consent Form on the Protection of Personal Data (KVK) beforehand.

Question 1: How many times have you been to the doctor in the last 3 months because you had pain somewhere?

• We never did.
• We went once
• We went more than once.

Question 2: Have you received rehabilitation treatment (physical therapy, exercise, manual therapy, etc.) in the last 3 months because you had pain somewhere?

• We never did.
• We did once.
• We did more than once.

Information on the frequency of children's medication use will be requested from the children's parents. The parents will be contacted by phone and their consent will be obtained with the Informed Consent Form on the Protection of Personal Data (KVK) beforehand.

Question 1: How many times have I used medication in the last 3 months because I had pain somewhere?

• We never did.
• We used once.
• We used more than once.