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NCT Number: NCT07061106

Otago and Kitchen Sink Balance Exercises on Strength, Fall Risk and Functional Mobility on Elderly.

The objective of the study is to determine the comparative effects of Otago Exercise Program and Kitchen Sink Balance Exercises on strength, fall risk and functional mobility on elderly. This study would include total 56 participants which would be divided into two groups, 28 each. Convenience Sampling will be used and randomly assigned into two groups through sealed envelope method. Intervention Group A received Otago Exercise Program and Group B received Kitchen Sink Balance Exercises. Both groups received intervention for 45 minutes per session, 3 times a week, and for a total of 8 weeks. Assessment was done at the baseline, after 4 weeks and after 8 weeks.

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Key information

Conditions

Fall Risk, Fall Prevention

Age range

65 year–80 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

About this study

Issues with balance are a leading cause of falls and are associated with enhanced fear of falling and also reduced the confidence in balance. The decline in balance with age is a complex process involving the body's systems like visual, vestibular, and musculoskeletal systems that working together to maintain the posture stability. Exercise is commonly recommended to enhance balance, muscle strength, and mobility in older individuals. The Otago Exercise Program (OEP) is a proven and well developed intervention that integrates balance and strengthening exercises with walking that tailored for older adults living independently in the community. Exercises at the Kitchen Sink balance program is also effective exercise program designed to prevent falls among older adults and helps to improve balance, increases strength, endurance and flexibility in elderly population. Therefore, we conduct this research to find out the comparative effects of Otago Exercise Program and Kitchen Sink Balance Exercises on strength, fall risk and functional mobility on elderly. It could provide valuable insights into the effectiveness of these interventions for improving balance and reducing risk of falls in elderly population. This research could also help to identify the most effective rehabilitation strategies for elderly individuals with balance problems, ultimately improving their quality of life and reducing healthcare costs associated with falls and balance-related injuries.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Individuals aged 65 and older.
  • Both males and females.
  • Individuals have a score on BBS (21-40)
  • Willingness to participate

Exclusion criteria

  • Individuals with Severe Cognitive Impairment that would impede understanding and following exercise instructions.
  • Individuals having Conditions that contraindicate exercise. (e.g. severe cardiovascular disease)
  • Individuals with psychiatric disorders and malignancies.
  • Individuals Aged less than 65 years.
  • Individuals who are already involve in other balance training program.
  • Individuals who are not willing.

Treatment and study plan

Otago Exercise Program

Other

Study will be conducted after the approval of Ethical review board. After the initial evaluation will be done on participants underlying eligibility criteria. Intervention Group A received Otago Exercise Program and will receive intervention of 45 minutes per session, 3 times a week, and for a total of 8 weeks (24 sessions). The Otago Exercise Program is a fall prevention well designed program for older adults. It includes 17 strength and balance exercises and a walking program, which are typically performed three times a week and helps to prevent falls in older adults by strengthening muscles and improving balance. In this study, modified form of Otago would be used that focuses on balance and strengthening exercises.

Kitchen Sink Balance Exercises

Other

Study will be conducted after the approval of Ethical review board. After the initial evaluation will be done on participants underlying eligibility criteria. Intervention Group B received Kitchen Sink Balance Exercises and will receive intervention of 45 minutes per session, 3 times a week, and for a total of 8 weeks (24 sessions). Kitchen sink balance exercises are beneficial for improving overall Individual's stability, strength, and coordination. These exercises can be easily integrated into daily routine and it also providing a practical way to enhance balance and overall fitness.

Primary outcomes

  1. Berg Balance Scale

    Time frame: 8 weeks

    BBS is used for assessment of balance and is considered as a gold standard. It consist of 14 simple task and it takes almost 15-20 minutes to complete. Its 0-4 grading scale where 0 means unable and 4 means independent. Overall score is 56 having interpretation of <20 indicative of wheel chair user, >20-<40 walking with assistance and >40-56 showing independency of patient. On BBS cut-off score of 40 points provided optimal sensitivity of 0.82 and specificity of 0.67.

  2. Short Physical Performance Battery Score Tool (SPPB)

    Time frame: 8 weeks

    SPPB is a group of objective assessment tools for balance, lower extremity strength, and functional mobility in older adults (>65 years of age). The test includes three different domains like walking, sit-to-stand and balance to assess individual's functional mobility. The scoring of this tool range from 0 (worst performance) to 12 (best performance).

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

Nadia Azhar, MS-NMPT

CONTACT

[email protected]

+923335281431

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Riphah International University

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Comparison of Otago and Kitchen Sink Balance Exercises on Strength, Fall Risk and Functional Mobility on Elderly.

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2025
Study completion
2025
First posted
Jul 11, 2025
Registry last updated
Jul 11, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

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This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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