Oral Sedation During Cervical Dilator Placement

Potential participants will be first introduced to the study via routine intake call. Participants will be identified at the participant's office visits to the Johns Hopkins' Women's Center for Family Planning. If a patient desires D&E for a second trimester pregnancy, the patient will first receive standard counseling. Only after providing written informed consent for the procedure will the patients be screened for eligibility in the study. If the patient is eligible the participant will be asked by a member of the research team if the patient is interested in participating. If the patient is, the study will be explained to the participant and written consent will be obtained after participant is given the opportunity to have all questions answered.

The study is randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 2 arms. Participants will first complete a survey to collect demographic data.

Participants in both arms will receive the institution's current standard analgesia for cervical dilator placement. In addition to this standard regimen, participants will be randomized to receive either: (1) a dose of two oral placebo pills, or (2) 1mg of oral lorazepam with 5 mg of oral oxycodone prior to cervical dilator placement.

Inclusion criteria

• Women aged 18-50 years
• English speaking
• With an intrauterine pregnancy (either viable or non-viable) between the gestational ages of 17w0d and 23w6d
• Have a support person present with participant
• Have a cell phone capable of text messaging (optional)

Exclusion criteria

• Non-English-speaking
• Taking a daily benzodiazepine or opiate
• Have a known allergy or contraindication to NSAIDs, opiates, or benzodiazepines