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Completed

NCT Number: NCT00597675

Oral Immunotherapy for Peanut Allergy (PMIT)

The purpose of this study is to determine if mucosal peanut immunotherapy will make subjects who have peanut allergy less allergic and induce changes in their immune system.

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Key information

Conditions

Food Hypersensitivity Hypersensitivity Hypersensitivity, Immediate Immune System Diseases Nut and Peanut Hypersensitivity Peanut Hypersensitivity

Age range

1 year–18 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Phase 2

Primary location

University of Arkansas Medical Center, Little Rock, Arkansas, United States

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About this study

Peanut allergy is known to cause severe anaphylactic reactions. Compared with other food allergies it tends to be more persistent and also its prevalence seems to be rising. Currently there is no proven treatment other than strict avoidance. We are attempting to decrease the risk of anaphylaxis on accidental ingestion by desensitizing subjects to peanut using peanut oral mucosal immunotherapy (OIT). We are also studying the effect of peanut OIT on the peanut specific immune response to determine if tolerance to peanut protein will develop. Children ages 1 to 18 with peanut allergy will be randomized to peanut OIT or placebo. Subjects will undergo a modified rush immunotherapy on the first day and then increase the doses at least every two weeks up to a maintenance dose of 4 grams (equivalent to about 13 peanuts). Doses will be taken daily at home except for dose increases which will be done on the research unit. Subjects will undergo a double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC) after 12 months and then be unblinded. Placebo subjects will cross over to open-label peanut OIT and undergo an identical buildup schedule up to 12 months. All subjects will then complete at least 36 months of peanut OIT therapy after which once skin prick (<5 mm) and IgE (<15 kU/L) criteria are met, they will then complete the end of study DBPCFC. Dosing will continue up to a maximum of 60 months after which even if criteria are not met, the subject will undergo the end of study DBPCFC. Outcome variables of interest include response to DBPCFC, skin prick testing, peanut specific IgE, and adverse events. These results will be compared between the start and end of peanut OIT using appropriate statistical analysis.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Subject between 1 and 18 years of age
  • EITHER history of significant clinical symptoms occurring within 60 minutes after ingesting peanuts greater than 6 months ago AND peanut specific IgE >15 kU/L
  • OR history of significant clinical symptoms occurring within 60 minutes after ingesting peanuts within the past 6 months AND peanut specific IgE > 7 kU/L
  • A family that will be able to be compliant with all study visits
  • All females of child bearing age must be using appropriate birth control

Exclusion criteria

  • Subjects with a history of severe, anaphylaxis to peanut
  • Medical history that would prevent a double blind placebo controlled oral food challenge (DBPCFC/OFC) to peanut
  • Unable to cooperate with challenge procedures or unable to be reached by telephone for follow-up
  • Diagnosed oat allergy
  • Pregnancy or lactation

Treatment and study plan

Peanut OIT

Biological

Defatted peanut flour ingested daily as oral mucosal immunotherapy

Placebo

Biological

Oat flour matched by weight and consistency that is ingested daily as a placebo

Primary outcomes

  1. The Amount of Peanut Protein Ingested Before An Allergic Reaction is Observed During the Double-blind, Placebo Controlled Food Challenge (DBPCFC) After Completing Treatment With Peanut OIT.

    Time frame: 36-60 months

    After completing the peanut OIT protocol (defined as treatment with peanut OIT for at least 36-months AND a peanut-specific IgE >2 and <15 AND skin prick test is <5 mm OR a maximum of 60 months of treatment), the reaction threshold for subjects is assessed by a DBPCFC. This involves eating small increasing doses of peanut protein in a blinded fashion up to a cumulative total of 5000 mg. An identical food challenge is also performed with oat flour as a placebo. The cumulative amount of peanut protein ingested prior to the dose that causes a reaction requiring treatment is reported as the reaction threshold.

Secondary outcomes

  1. The Amount of Peanut Protein Ingested Before An Allergic Reaction is Observed During the Double-blind, Placebo Controlled Food Challenge (DBPCFC) After Completing 12 Months of Blinded Peanut OIT or Placebo Treatment.

    Time frame: 12 months

    After 12 months of blinded Peanut OIT treatment, the reaction threshold for subjects is assessed by a DBPCFC. This involves eating small increasing doses of peanut protein in a blinded fashion up to a cumulative total of 4710 mg. An identical food challenge is also performed with oat flour as a placebo. The cumulative amount of peanut protein ingested prior to the dose that causes a reaction requiring treatment is reported as the reaction threshold.

  2. The Change From Baseline Through the End of Peanut OIT Treatment in Wheal Size Diameter Following Peanut Skin Prick Testing

    Time frame: Baseline to end of open label phase treatment (36-60 months)

    Skin prick testing is performed by scratching the skin with a small amount of peanut and observing for redness and a raised bump called a wheal. The diameter of the wheal is measured with a ruler in mm and recorded as a measure of peanut-specific IgE and mast cell reactivity in an allergic subject. A decrease in wheal size after treatment would represent suppression of the allergic response.

  3. The Change From Baseline Through the End of Peanut OIT Treatment in Peanut-specific IgE in the Blood

    Time frame: Baseline to end of open label phase treatment (36-60 months)

    Peanut specific IgE on the surface of mast cells and basophils releases histamine when exposed to peanut causing symptoms of allergy. Free-floating peanut-specific IgE is measured from serum in the blood by an immunoCAP machine and reported in kU/L. A lower level of peanut-specific IgE could suggest a decrease in the probability of reaction for a subject who is exposed to peanut.

  4. The Change From Baseline Through the End of Peanut OIT Treatment in Peanut-specific IgG4 in the Blood.

    Time frame: Baseline to end of open label phase treatment (36-60 months)

    Peanut specific IgG4 is thought to have a protective effect for a subject when exposed to peanut possibly by interfering with IgE. Peanut-specific IgG4 is measured from serum in the blood by an immunoCAP machine and reported in mg/dL. A higher level of peanut-specific IgG4 could suggest a decrease in the probability of reaction for a subject who is exposed to peanut.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Other

Collaborators

  • University of Arkansas

Registry information

Official study title

Oral Immunotherapy for Peanut Allergy (2nd Generation PMIT Collaboration With Arkansas Children's)

Acronym: PMIT

Important dates

Study start
2007
Primary completion
2014
Study completion
2014
First posted
Jan 18, 2008
Registry last updated
Mar 27, 2018

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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