Optimal Timing of Dronedarone Initiation After Conversion in Patients With Persistent Atrial Fibrillation

Inclusion criteria

Screening:

• Persistent AF for more than 72 hours (documented by an ECG taken within the last 72 hours) for whom cardioversion, anti-arrhythmic treatment and anticoagulation treatment are indicated in the opinion of the Investigator
• Naive of amiodarone treatment in the last three months
• QTc Bazett < 500 ms on 12-lead ECG,
• At least one cardiovascular risk factor (i.e. age > 70, hypertension, diabetes, prior cerebrovascular disease or left atrial diameter >= 50 mm

Randomization:

• Outpatient and Inpatients (except patients hospitalized during screening period for SAE)
• Sinus rhythm
• Effective oral anticoagulation verified by International Normalized Ratio/INR (target > 2)
• QTc Bazett < 500 ms and PR < 280 ms on 12-lead ECG
• Completed treatment period with amiodarone (28 days ± 2 days)

Exclusion criteria

Screening:

• Contraindication to oral anticoagulation
• Acute condition known to cause AF
• Permanent AF
• Paroxysmal AF
• Bradycardia < 50 bpm on the 12-lead ECG
• Clinically overt congestive heart failure:

• with New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes III and IV heart failure
• with LVEF < 35%
• or NYHA class II with a recent decompensation requiring hospitalization or referral to a specialized heart failure clinic
• or unstable hemodynamic conditions
• Severe hepatic impairment
• Previous treatment with class I or class III anti-arrhythmic drugs (including sotalol) if taken less than one week
• Previous history of amiodarone intolerance or toxicity
• Any contraindication as per dronedarone and amiodarone labelling
• Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome
• Previous ablation for atrial fibrillation or any planned ablation in the next 2 months
• Contraindicated concomitant treatment:

• Potent cytochrome P450 (CYP3A4) inhibitors
• Use of drugs or herbal products that prolong the QT interval and known to increase the risk of Torsades de Pointes
• Class I or III anti-arrhythmic drugs (including sotalol)

Randomization:

• Bradycardia < 50 bpm on the 12-lead ECG
• Clinically overt congestive heart failure:

• with New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes III and IV heart failure
• with LVEF < 35%
• or NYHA class II with a recent decompensation requiring hospitalization or referral to a specialized heart failure clinic
• or unstable hemodynamic conditions
• Severe hepatic impairment
• Previous treatment with class I or class III anti-arrhythmic drugs (including sotalol) if taken less than one week
• Patient in whom the following contraindicated concomitant treatment is mandatory:

• Potent cytochrome P450 (CYP3A4) inhibitors
• Use of drugs or herbal products that prolong the QT interval and known to increase the risk of Torsades de Pointes
• Class I or III anti-arrhythmic drugs (including sotalol)

The above information is not intended to contain all considerations relevant to a patient's potential participation in a clinical trial.