Online Prenatal Trial in Mindfulness Sleep Management

Self-rating of overall sleep quality and disturbances using 7 sleep components. Total scores range from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating worse sleep quality. PSQI global >5 is highly sensitive and specific for distinguishing good and poor sleepers. A lower PSQI score is a better outcome.

Sleep efficiency will be calculated from total sleep time divided by time in bed, as measured by 8 days of wrist actigraphy and sleep diaries. Increased sleep efficiency is a better outcome.

Total wake time will include all time spent in bed awake, measured in minutes. This will be measured by actigraphy and sleep diaries, and will be calculated as the sum of sleep onset latency (time from getting into bed to falling asleep) and wake after sleep onset (time awake after sleep onset). Decreased total wake time is a better outcome.

Total sleep time is the sum of all time spent asleep, measured in minutes. This will be measured by actigraphy and sleep diaries, and calculated as the difference between time in bed and total wake time. Increased total sleep time is a better outcome.

A six-item self-report questionnaire that measures perception of the quality of sleep over the past seven days. Total score ranges from 6 to 30, with higher scores indicating more disturbed sleep. Decreased sleep disturbance is a better outcome.

An eight-item self-report questionnaire for perceptions of alertness, sleepiness, and tiredness during usual waking hours, and the perceived functional impairments during wakefulness associated with sleep problems or impaired alertness. Total scores range from 8 to 40, with higher scores indicating increased impairment over the past 7 days. Decreased impairment is a better outcome.

A six-item self-report questionnaire for reporting subjective feelings of tiredness and the impact on the ability to function normally over the past seven days. Total scores range from 6 to 30, with higher scores indicating increased fatigue. Decreased fatigue is a better outcome.

A ten-item self-report questionnaire for depression symptoms in the past week validated for use during pregnancy and postpartum. Total scores range from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating increased symptoms of depression. Decreased depression is a better outcome.

A six-item self-report questionnaire for depression symptoms in the past week. Total scores range from 6 to 30, with higher scores indicating increased symptoms of depression. Decreased depression is a better outcome.

A six-item self-report questionnaire for anxiety symptoms in the past week. Total scores range from 6 to 30, with higher scores indicating increased symptoms of anxiety. Decreased anxiety is a better outcome.

A nine-item self-report questionnaire for recent frequency of positive emotions. Total scores range from 9 to 45, with higher scores indicating increased positive emotions. A higher score is a better outcome.

A 36-item, patient-reported survey of patient health status and quality of life. Total scores range from 0 to 100, with lower scores indicating increased disability. Increased scores are a better outcome.

Intervention adherence will be measured as the number of intervention modules completed, with a range of 0 to 6. Increased modules completed indicates greater intervention adherence and is a better outcome.

Meditation adherence will be measured by the average number of days per week the participant practiced at least one meditation, with a range of 0 to 7. Increased meditation adherence is a better outcome.

Acceptability will be measured by a self-report 8-item questionnaire on program satisfaction, utility, and ease of use. The range of total scores is 8 to 40, with higher scores indicating increased acceptability. Higher acceptability is a better outcome.

A four-item self-report questionnaire for measuring confidence in handling emotions. Total scores range from 4 to 20, with higher scores indicated greater ability to handle emotions. Increased confidence is a better outcome.

A nine-item self-report questionnaire designed to measure individuals' level of motivation and self-regulation for health-related behavior change. Total scores range from 6 to 54, with higher scores indicating greater self-regulation. Increased self-regulation is a better outcome.

An 8-item self-report questionnaire that assesses acceptance of insomnia. Total scores range from 0 to 48, with higher scores indicating a higher level of acceptance. Increased acceptance is a better outcome.

A 24-item self-report questionnaire that measures the trait-like tendency to be mindful in daily life. It includes five subscales, measuring different aspects of mindfulness. Four of the subscale scores range from 5 to 25; one subscale ("observing") has a range of 4 to 20. Higher scores indicate increased mindfulness, which is a better outcome.