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NCT Number: NCT03100981

Online Mindfulness for Women Treated for Breast Cancer and Men Treated for Prostate Cancer

AIM: The aim of the present study is to investigate if Internet-delivered Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (I-MBCT) can reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety among women treated for breast cancer and men treated for prostate cancer compared to a treatment as usual control group. Furthermore, the effect of I-MBCT on symptoms of stress, insomnia, quality of life, and self-compassion and the potential mediating effect of working alliance and mindfulness will be explored. Finally, the cost-effectiveness of the I-MBCT intervention will be explored.

BACKGROUND: Symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress are prevalent late-effects among cancer patients and -survivors. Mindfulness-based interventions aim at improving affect tolerance and emotion regulation, which could be of particular relevance for cancer patients and survivors, and MBCT has been shown efficacious in treating symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress among cancer patients and survivors. However, the availability of face-to-face delivered MBCT is limited and hence using the internet to deliver MBCT may be a cost-effective way of increasing the accessibility of the intervention to vulnerable patients with limited resources.

METHODS: A total of 155 participants will be recruited from Department of Oncology and Department of Urology at Aarhus University Hospital and randomized to two groups: I-MBCT and a treatment-as-usual wait-list control group. Assessments will be conducted at pre-, midway and post intervention and at a 6- months follow-up.

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Key information

Conditions

Anxiety Depression Anxiety Disorders Behavior Behavioral Symptoms Breast Cancer Female Breast Diseases Breast Neoplasms Depression Genital Diseases Genital Diseases, Male Genital Neoplasms, Male Male Urogenital Diseases Mental Disorders Neoplasms Neoplasms by Site Prostate Cancer Prostatic Diseases Prostatic Neoplasms Skin Diseases Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases Urogenital Diseases Urogenital Neoplasms

Age range

18 year and older

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Department of Psychology, Aarhus University

Aarhus, Central Region Denmark, 8000, Denmark

About this study

BACKGROUND

Symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress is common among both cancer patients and cancer survivors and can lead to prolonged hospitalization, reduced quality of life, and deteriorate prognosis. In Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) participants practice attention towards the present moment and acceptance of feelings and physical discomfort. This is in particular relevant for cancer patients and -survivors who often experience psychological symptoms connected to negative thoughts about the past and worries about the future.

MBCT is an 8-week group intervention and has shown to be effective in treating psychological distress in cancer survivors. Many cancer survivors experience challenges in following a group intervention because of health related reduced mobility and work- and family schedule conflicts, and hence it is relevant to investigate an internet-delivered alternative to MBCT.

I-MBCT is a manualized treatment for breast- and prostate cancer survivors, based on the manual for Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for depression. I-MBCT consist of 8 weeks of mindfulness practice combined with reading theory and supported by weekly text messages and answers from a therapist.

AIMS AND HYPOTHESES

In a randomized controlled trial the efficacy of 8-weeks I-MBCT for breast- and prostate cancer survivors will be investigated.

  • The primary aim of the study is to investigate if Internet-delivered Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (I-MBCT) will reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety among women treated for breast cancer and men treated for prostate cancer and that the effect is remained at 6 months after the treatment.
  • The secondary aim is to explore the effect of I-MBCT on symptoms of stress, insomnia, and quality of life.
  • Furthermore, the study aims to explore the potential mediating effect of working alliance, self-compassion, and mindfulness.
  • Finally, the cost-effectiveness of the I-MBCT intervention will be explored.

PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURES

A total of 155 breast- and prostate cancer survivors are consecutively recruited from Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. Staff at the Outpatient Clinics at Department of Oncology and Department of Urology will screen patients for psychological distress at follow-up check-ups. If the patients indicates a moderate to high level of psychological distress, further information about the project will be given and patients can sign up for study enrollment.

Participants will after initial screening receive a phone call from a project staff to clarify if inclusion criteria are met. After informed consent all participants will fill out the online baseline questionnaire and then be randomized to either I-MBCT or a wait-list control group receiving treatment as usual in a ratio of 7:3 by means of a computer-generated randomization list.

Participants fill out online questionnaires at baseline, midway (after 5 weeks), post treatment (after 10 weeks) and at follow-up after 6 months.

The intervention group receive the 8-weeks of therapist-assisted I-MBCT which contains assessment of the Therapeutic Alliance at 2, 4, and 7 weeks after treatment onset.

The statistical evaluation of the effect I-MBCT compared to the waitlist control will be performed with Multilevel Linear Models and post-hoc tests. The possible mediating effects will be evaluated using Preacher & Hayes bootstrapping method. All analyses will be performed with a two-sided significance level of .05.

REGISTRATION DETAILS

The study record reported in ClinicalTrials.gov is completely consistent with the protocol approved by the Central Region Denmark Committee on Health Research Ethics before enrollment start. The study was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov after enrollment had started but before any data analysis was initiated.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Man treated for prostate cancer or woman treated for breast cancer
  • Active cancer treatment must have been completed (radiation therapy, operation and chemotherapy) within the past 5 years. Ongoing endocrine therapy is all right.
  • A minimum score of 3 on anxiety and/or depression items from Symptom Check-List-8, subscale in Common Mental Disorder Questionnaire (SCL-8, CMDQ).
  • Internet access on a daily basis
  • Must have a cell phone

Exclusion criteria

  • Cancer recurrence or ongoing cancer treatment.
  • Problems with reading and/or understanding Danish
  • Insufficient IT skills
  • Severe mental illness causing problems with following the internet-delivered treatment, e.g. dementia, known psychotic disorder or developmental disorder.

Treatment and study plan

Internet-delivered Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy

Behavioral

Internet-delivered Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy is a trainer-assisted course based on the manual for Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for depression. The course consists of 8 modules, one per week, for 8 weeks and one additional week for flexibility for the participants. In total 9 weeks with weekly written contact to the personal instructor.

Each module has an overall theme with written theory, approximately 45 minutes of daily mindfulness practice and other daily assignments with the purpose of strengthening awareness in the everyday life.

Other names: Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy, I-MBCT, MBCT

Waitlist Control

Behavioral

Participants in the control arm of the study will receive treatment as usual, which means that they are not offered interventions targeting psycho-social distress but also not prevented from participating in or seeking other psycho-social treatment during the course of the study.

After the 6-months follow-up time has passed participants will get the opportunity to participate in 8 weeks of therapist-assisted internet-delivered Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy, if the intervention is found efficient.

Other names: Treatment as usual

Primary outcomes

  1. Symptoms of Depression

    Time frame: Change from baseline until post treatment (10 weeks after baseline) and 6 months post treatment

    Change in symptoms of depression assessed by Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II)

  2. Symptoms of Anxiety

    Time frame: Change from baseline until post treatment (10 weeks after baseline) and 6 months post treatment

    Change in symptoms of anxiety assessed by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y (STAI-S)

Secondary outcomes

  1. Symptoms of Stress

    Time frame: Change from baseline until post treatment (10 weeks after baseline) and 6 months post treatment

    Change in symptoms of stress assessed by the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)

  2. Cost-Effectiveness

    Time frame: Change from baseline until post treatment (10 weeks after baseline) and 6 months post treatment

    Change in The Short Form Health Survey (SF-12+)

Other outcomes

  1. Insomnia

    Time frame: Change from baseline until post treatment (10 weeks after baseline) and 6 months post treatment

    Change in symptoms of insomnia assessed by Insomnia Severity Index (ISI)

  2. Self-compassion

    Time frame: Change from baseline until post treatment (10 weeks after baseline) and 6 months post treatment

    Change in Self-compassion assessed by The Self-Compassion Scale (SCS)

  3. Quality of Life

    Time frame: Change from baseline until post treatment (10 weeks after baseline) and 6 months post treatment

    Change in Quality of Life assessed by the World Health Organization Well-being index (WHO-5)

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

University of Aarhus

Other

Collaborators

  • Aarhus University Hospital
  • Karolinska Institutet
  • Region Stockholm

Registry information

Official study title

Internet-delivered Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Symptoms of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Among Women Treated for Breast Cancer and Men Treated for Prostate Cancer - Effects and Mechanisms

Important dates

Study start
2016
Primary completion
2017
Study completion
2018
First posted
Apr 4, 2017
Registry last updated
Jan 8, 2019

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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