Observatory on Artificial Labour-induction Methods and Measuring Immediate Postpartum Maternal Satisfaction

Overall patient satisfaction evaluated via a 4-point Likert scale (1= not satisfied, 2 = moderately satisfied, 3 = satisfied, 4 = very satisfied) on a touchscreen.

The Wijma Delivery Experience Questionnaire (W-DEQ) is a Scandinavian questionnaire (designed by Wijma et al. in 1998) translated into French. It evaluates the patient's true experience of childbirth compared with her expectations. It has 33 items based on recurring fears of pregnant women, divided into several catégories (fear, negative feelings, lack of confidence, behaviour etc…).

The pluridimensional Questionnaire d'Evaluation du Vécu de l'Accouchement (QEVA) known in English as the QACE (Questionnaire for Assessing the Childbirth Experience is used to evaluate the patient's experience of childbirth. It contains 25 items, each with a 4-point Likert scale, divided into the following categories: relationship with healthcare teams, emotions (positive and negative), first moments with the newborn baby, situation one month after childbirth. An e-mail is sent to the patient 1 month after giving birth, asking her to complete the QEVA by logging onto a dedicated platform.

Data collection from medical files on the methods of labour-induction used (alone or successively), duration of use and intermediate Bishop scores. This a pre-labor scoring system reflecting cervical modification ranges from 0 to 3 (0= cervix closed and 3 = dilated to more than 5 cm) assists in predicting whether labour-induction will be required and the likelihood of spontaneous preterm delivery.

Rate of spontaneous vaginal deliveries,

Rate of instrument-assisted vaginal deliveries.

Reason for instrument-assisted vaginal deliveries (non progression of fœtal presentation, fœtal distress, maternal complications).

Type of instrumental extraction used for the delivery

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Rate of Caesarian births and reason (no cervical dilatation at the first stage of labour : dilatation 0 to 10cm, absence of fœtal descent at stage 2 of labour, fœtal cause, maternal cause).

Reason for Caesarian birth (no cervical dilatation at the first stage of labour : dilatation 0 to 10cm, absence of fœtal descent at stage 2 of labour, fœtal cause, maternal cause).

Time between the start of labour-induction and the onset of labour will be measured

Time from labour-induction to vaginal delivery

Rate of vaginal deliveries at 12 hours from start of labour-induction

Rate of vaginal deliveries at 24 hours from start of labour-induction

Rate of vaginal deliveries at 48 hours from start of labour-induction

Rate of labour-induction failures giving rise to a Caesarian due to the duration of the latency phase (0-6cm) ≥24h with oxytocine administered for at least 12-18h after artificial water-breakage.

Rate of secondary or tertiary use of Propess (vaginal prostaglandine inserts)

Rate of secondary or tertiary use of the cervical ripening balloon (Foley bulb)

Rate of secondary or tertiary use of intravenous Oxytocine

Rate of epidural anesthaesia during labour

The Bishop score,developed by Professor Emeritus of Obstetrics and Gynecology Dr. Edward Bishop, is also known as cervix score. It is a pre-labor scoring system to assist in predicting whether induction of labor will be required. It is based on 5 points : Cervical dilation in centimeters, cervical effacement as a percentage,cervical consistency by provider assessment/judgement, cervical position, fetal station (the position of the fetal head in relation to the pelvic bones).The Bishop score grades patients who would be most likely to achieve a successful induction. The duration of labor is inversely correlated with the Bishop score; a score that exceeds 8 describes the patient most likely to achieve a successful vaginal birth. Bishop scores of less than 6 usually require a cervical ripening method (pharmacologic or physical, such as a Foley bulb).

The Bishop score,developed by Professor Emeritus of Obstetrics and Gynecology Dr. Edward Bishop, is also known as cervix score. It is a pre-labor scoring system to assist in predicting whether induction of labor will be required. It is based on 5 points : Cervical dilation in centimeters, cervical effacement as a percentage,cervical consistency by provider assessment/judgement, cervical position, fetal station (the position of the fetal head in relation to the pelvic bones).The Bishop score grades patients who would be most likely to achieve a successful induction. The duration of labor is inversely correlated with the Bishop score; a score that exceeds 8 describes the patient most likely to achieve a successful vaginal birth. Bishop scores of less than 6 usually require a cervical ripening method (pharmacologic or physical, such as a Foley bulb).

The Bishop score,developed by Professor Emeritus of Obstetrics and Gynecology Dr. Edward Bishop, is also known as cervix score. It is a pre-labor scoring system to assist in predicting whether induction of labor will be required. It is based on 5 points : Cervical dilation in centimeters, cervical effacement as a percentage,cervical consistency by provider assessment/judgement, cervical position, fetal station (the position of the fetal head in relation to the pelvic bones).The Bishop score grades patients who would be most likely to achieve a successful induction. The duration of labor is inversely correlated with the Bishop score; a score that exceeds 8 describes the patient most likely to achieve a successful vaginal birth. Bishop scores of less than 6 usually require a cervical ripening method (pharmacologic or physical, such as a Foley bulb).

Rate of uterine hyperstimulation(> 6 contractions in 10 minutes on 2 occasions) with or without an effect on the foetus

Rate of uterine hypertonia (contraction > 2 minutes with slowing down of fœtal heartbeat)

Rate of post partum haemorrage ≥ 500ml, rate of severe post-partum haemorrhage ≥1000ml, rate of transfusion, number of packs of red blood cells transfused

rate of severe post-partum haemorrage ≥1000ml rate of transfusion, number of packs of red blood cells transfused

Rate of transfusions

This is measured in terms of the number of packs of red blood cells transfused

Rate of uterine rupture

Chorioamniotitis (temperature > 38°C with fœtal tachycardia > 160 beats / minute)

Rate of post-partum infection (temperature > 38°C with antibiotherapy, urinary infection, bacteriologically-proven endometritis at 1 week post-partum)

Rate of neonatal asphyxia (umbilical cord arterial pH ≤ 7.05, and/or APGAR at 5 minutes < 7). The Apgar score is a means of evaluating the vitality of a newborn based on the simple observation at the time of birth. The value is a prognostic for neonatal mortality. It was developed in 1952 by the American doctor, Virginia Apgar.

Rate of neonatal pediatric hospitalisations

Bacteriologically-proven infection rate

Metrorrhagia due to vaginal insert (dinoprostone) or cervical ripening balloon placement

Pain related to balloon inflation requiring secondary partial deflation, reorded with a VAS. The visual analog scale is a psychometric response scale which can be used in questionnaires. It is a measurement instrument for subjective characteristics or attitudes that cannot be directly measured.The pain VAS is self-completed by the respondent. The respondent is asked to place a line perpendicular to the VAS line at the point that represents their pain intensity

Pain level recorded with a VAS before the 1st induction sequence. The visual analog scale is a psychometric response scale which can be used in questionnaires. It is a measurement instrument for subjective characteristics or attitudes that cannot be directly measured.The pain VAS is self-completed by the respondent. The respondent is asked to place a line perpendicular to the VAS line at the point that represents their pain intensity

Pain level recorded with a VAS at H2 of childbirth.

Pain level at various times of labour-induction recorded with a VASThe visual analog scale is a psychometric response scale which can be used in questionnaires. It is a measurement instrument for subjective characteristics or attitudes that cannot be directly measured.The pain VAS is self-completed by the respondent. The respondent is asked to place a line perpendicular to the VAS line at the point that represents their pain intensity

Pain level recorded with a VAS before vaginal insert or balloon placement. The visual analog scale is a psychometric response scale which can be used in questionnaires. It is a measurement instrument for subjective characteristics or attitudes that cannot be directly measured.The pain VAS is self-completed by the respondent. The respondent is asked to place a line perpendicular to the VAS line at the point that represents their pain intensity

Pain level recorded with a VAS 2 hours after vaginal insert or balloon placement. The visual analog scale is a psychometric response scale which can be used in questionnaires. It is a measurement instrument for subjective characteristics or attitudes that cannot be directly measured.The pain VAS is self-completed by the respondent. The respondent is asked to place a line perpendicular to the VAS line at the point that represents their pain intensity