Observational Study on Dynamic Changes of Blood Pressure During Post-epileptic Seizure Stage (OCBPS)

In contrast to the well-documented changes in heart rate and respiration, post-seizure changes in blood pressure have received insufficient attention. Fluctuations in blood pressure may worsen brain injury and elevate the risk of Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP), yet evidence regarding postictal blood pressure changes remains limited.

This multicenter study aims to investigate the changes of blood pressure and heart rate during post-epileptic seizure stage in epilepsy patients, providing high-quality evidence on postictal hemodynamic changes and laying the foundation for future interventions. The study will enroll 1100 seizure events from hospitalized epilepsy patients aged 14-80 years between October 2024 and March 2026. Data on blood pressure, heart rate and blood oxygen will be collected during multiple time intervals post-seizure, alongside clinical information such as seizure type, duration, and medication use.

Inclusion criteria

• Age 14-80 years old, male and female;
• Meet the diagnostic criteria for epilepsy, including focal epilepsy and generalized epilepsy.
• Patients diagnosed with epilepsy, with at least one seizure during the hospitalization.
• Seizures lasting longer than 30 seconds (including convulsive and non-convulsive status epilepticus, if seizure cessation can be determined and medications were recorded, they can be included).
• Hypertensive patients who are on antihypertensive medication and have well-controlled blood pressure are eligible.
• Patients who agree to participate in the study.

Exclusion criteria

• Patients with structural heart disease, coronary artery disease (CAD), cardiomyopathy
• Patients with severe systemic diseases
• Pregnancy
• Preictal seizures or myoclonic seizures.