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Healthcare utilization- hospitalizations, clinic Visits, and asthma exacerbations
Time frame: At baseline, every 6 months, through study completion, assessed up to 7 years.
Longitudinal changes of Healthcare utilization will be measured using directly collected information from medical, hospital, and pharmacy records to provide a supplementary comprehensive assessment of each patient's healthcare utilization during the study period.
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Asthma treatment
Time frame: At baseline, every 6 months, through study completion, assessed up to 7 years.
Asthma medications with dose and start/stop dates including all FDA-approved and standard of care treatments for asthma will be assessed. Longitudinal changes in asthma treatment will also be assessed.
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Treatment adherence
Time frame: At baseline, every 1 month, through study completion, assessed up to 7 years.
Extraction of electronic medical, hospital, and pharmacy records will take place at study close and potentially at interim time points to provide a supplementary assessment of each patient's healthcare resource utilization. Longitudinal changes in patient reported treatment adherence will also be assessed.
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Asthma control test (ACT)
Time frame: Change from baseline, every 1 month, through study completion, assessed up to 4 years.
Patient-reported asthma symptoms and control will be collected via the ACT questionnaire; a 5 item, self-administered survey that is designed to help the patient describe their asthma and how it affects their daily activities. ACT questionnaire is a 5-point scale (for symptoms and activities: 1=all the time to 5= not at all; for asthma control rating: 1=not controlled at all to 5=completely controlled).
In 2022, the ACT survey will be removed, and only the AIRQ will be solicited monthly.
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Patient-reported asthma exacerbations
Time frame: Change from baseline, every 1 month, through study completion, assessed up to 4 years.
Asthma exacerbations, the primary analytical definition will be worsening of asthma that leads to any of the following: Use of systemic corticosteroids (or a temporary increase in a stable corticosteroid background dose) for at least 3 days; a single depo-injectable dose of corticosteroids will be considered equivalent to a 3-day course of systemic corticosteroids. An emergency department or urgent care visit (defined as evaluation and treatment for <24 hours in an emergency department or urgent care center) due to asthma that required systemic corticosteroids. An inpatient hospitalization (defined as admission to an inpatient facility and/or evaluation and treatment in a healthcare facility for ≥24 hours) due to asthma.
In 2022, the asthma exacerbations survey will be removed, and only the AIRQ will be solicited monthly.
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Asthma Impairment and Risk Questionnaire (AIRQ)
Time frame: At baseline, every 1 month, through study completion, assessed up to 4 years
AIRQ is a 10-item, equally weighted, yes/no composite asthma control questionnaire that includes 7 impairment and 3 risk items. AIRQ scores range from 0 to 10, with lower scores representing better controlled asthma.
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Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Asthma questionnaire (WPAI-Asthma)
Time frame: At baseline, every 3 months, through study completion, assessed up to 7 years.
Patient-reported productivity impairment assessment including work productivity, activity impairment, and disability will be collected via the WPAI-Asthma. Information will only be collected from procedures that are part of the patient's routine clinical care. WPAI Asthma questionnaire is calculated from 0 to 10 score (0 indicates-Asthma had no effect on my work/ daily activities and 10 indicates Asthma completely prevented me from working score/ doing my daily activities).
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St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ)
Time frame: At baseline, every 6 months, through study completion, assessed up to 7 years.
Patient-reported assessment of asthma quality of life will be collected via the SGRQ. SGRQ, a disease specific health-related quality of life measure developed for both asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. The SGRQ has 50 items and scores are calculated for 3 domains (symptoms, activity, and impact [psychosocial]) as well as total score.
Symptoms - this component is concerned with the effect of respiratory symptoms, their frequency and severity.
Impacts (psychosocial) - covers a range of aspects concerned with social functioning and psychological disturbances resulting from respiratory disease Activity - concerned with activities that cause or are limited by breathlessness. Total score summarizes the impact of the disease on overall health status.
The score is expressed as a percentage of overall impairment, where 100 represents worst possible health status and 0 indicates best possible health status.
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Global evaluation of treatment effectiveness (GETE)
Time frame: At baseline, every 6 months, through study completion, assessed maximum up to 7 years.
Patient evaluation of asthma treatment effectiveness will be measured using GETE; a simple measure of perceived treatment effectiveness. The patient will grade the overall treatment effectiveness using the following criteria: excellent (complete control of asthma); good (marked improvement of asthma); moderate (discernible, but limited improvement in asthma); poor (no appreciable change in asthma); or worsening (of asthma).
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Number of Participants With Adverse Events associated with corticosteroid therapy
Time frame: At baseline, every 6 months, through study completion, assessed up to 7 years.
Frequency of relevant medical events such as weight gain (change in BMI), hypertension, dyslipidemia, pneumonia, bone densitometry results, osteoporosis / osteopenia, hip and spinal fractures, avascular necrosis, cataract, glaucoma, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, Cushing's syndrome, adrenal insufficiency, peptic ulcer disease, myopathy, pseudotumor cerebri, mood disturbance, and insomnia or sleep disturbance.
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Relevant respiratory medical events
Time frame: At baseline, every 6 months, through study completion,assessed up to 7 years.
Frequency of relevant respiratory medical events such as pneumonia, pleural effusion, chronic bronchitis, allergic rhinitis.
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Respiratory comorbidities
Time frame: At baseline, every 6 months, through study completion, assessed up to 7 years.
Prevalence of respiratory comorbidities such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchiectasis, alpha-1 anti-trypsin deficiency, Churg- Strauss syndrome (eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis [EGPA]), airway stenosis, cystic fibrosis, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis,chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, bronchiolitis obliterans, immunodeficiency, primary ciliary dyskinesia, atelectasis, arterial hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, neuromuscular disease, allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, and pulmonary embolism.
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Non-respiratory comorbidities
Time frame: At baseline, every 6 months, through study completion, assessed up to 7 years.
Prevalence of non-respiratory comorbidities such as diabetes, thyroid disease, cardiac disease, etc.
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Events of special interest
Time frame: At baseline, every 6 months, through study completion, assessed up to 7 years.
Frequency of special interest events including new onset malignancy, severe infection, anaphylaxis, or mortality.
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Complete blood count with differential including blood eosinophil count.
Time frame: Change from baseline, every 6 months, through study completion, assessed up to 7 years.
To assess complete blood count with differential including blood eosinophil count as a variable for asthma evaluation.
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Total immunoglobulin E (IgE)
Time frame: Change from baseline, every 6 months, through study completion, assessed up to 7 years.
To assess total IgE as a variable for asthma evaluation.
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Radiographic changes in asthma evaluation.
Time frame: Change from baseline, every 6 months, through study completion, assessed up to 7 years.
Radiographic changes in asthma evaluation included chest X-rays (dates, views, description of major chest findings), Chest computed tomography scan (dates, high resolution (yes/no), intravenous contrast (yes/no), description of major findings). Radiographic asthma evaluation conducted as part of routine care.
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Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)
Time frame: Change from baseline, every 6 months, through study completion, assessed up to 7 years.
FEV1 (liters and % predicted) will be assessed as a variable for asthma evaluation.
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Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1)
Time frame: Change from baseline, every 6 months, through study completion, assessed up to 7 years.
FEV1 (liters and % predicted) will be assessed as a variable for asthma evaluation.
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Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO)
Time frame: Change from baseline, every 6 months, through study completion, assessed up to 7 years.
To assess FENO as a variable for asthma evaluation.