Nursing Care Interventions According to Integrative Nursing and Omaha System in Elderly Women Feeling Loneliness

The loneliness scale for the elderly was developed to determine the sense of loneliness. The two subscales in the scale are: emotional and social loneliness subscales. There are 11 items in the binary Likert type scale. Minumum and maximum scores are 0 and 22 points, respectively. The total score is obtained by collecting the scores from the subscales. Loneliness can be divided into four levels according to the score. "0-4 scores" do not feel loneliness, "5-14 scores" acceptable loneliness, "15-18 scores" feeling very loneliness and "19-22 scores" feeling very lonely. Levels increase the level of loneliness.

There are 7 questions in the short form of the questionnaire. This measure assesses the types of intensity of physical activity. The items in the short form were structured to provide separate scores on walking, moderate-intensity and vigorous-intensity activity. Computation of the total score for the short form requires summation of the duration (in minutes) and frequency (days) of walking, moderate-intensity and vigorous-intensity activities. Standard MET values for activities were established. Total Work MET-minutes/week =sum of Walking+Moderate+Vigorous MET-minutes/week scores at work. The score obtained is classified as non-physical activity (MET-600 energy level), insufficient physical activity level (MET = energy level between 600-3000) and adequate physical activity level (MET ≥ 3000 energy level).

In order to determine the perception of health status, it is questioned how the individual evaluates his / her health now. Very good (1), good (2), bad (3) and very bad (4) options on the scale, the lowest score is 4, the highest score is 1.

Social inclusion scale evaluates that whether having the opportunities and resources to participate fully in economic, social and cultural life and to enjoy a standard of wellbeing that is considered normal in the society in which we live or not. There are three subscales in the Lİkert type scale, consisting of 18 items: Social Isolation, Social Relations and Social Acceptance. The lowest score is 1 and the highest score is 72. As the score obtained from the scale increases, social inclusion is increasing.

There are 12 items on the scale evaluating the adequacy of social support. In this scale, there are three sub-dimensions: family, friend and special human support. The sum of the obtained scores is collected separately for each subgroup and the sum of these groups gives the total score of the scale. The lowest score is 4 and the highest score is 28 from subscales. The lowest score is 12 and the highest score is 84 from total scale. The higher the score, the higher the perceived social support.

This index evaluates the general emotional state. There are five items in the six-point likert type index. Questions that ask individuals how they often feel in the last two weeks are scored from 0 to 5. In this index, the points taken from the questions are collected and multiplied by four to 0-100 points. As the score from the index increases, it means that the emotional situation is good.

It was developed to measure health promotion behaviors of individuals. The scale consists of 52 items and six factors (health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, spiritual development, interpersonal relations and stress management). In this study, spiritual development subscale was used. Likert type scale is scored from 1 to 4. The lowest nine scores from the spiritual development subscale and the highest 36 points are taken. Increasing the score from the scale indicates that the spiritual development is good.