Non-Invasive Lung Water Monitoring in Pulmonary Hypertension

The investigators conducted a prospective, convenience-sampled observational pilot study, enrolling adult patients with pulmonary hypertension who were either outpatients or inpatients in the cardiology department of our hospital. The measurement of Remote Dielectric Sensing (ReDS) values was performed by ReDS™ Pro. Data were collected using the electronic medical record system of our hospital. Participants were followed up within 6 months after discharge. The primary endpoints included all-cause mortality or clinical deterioration related to pulmonary hypertension. Data were collected using the electronic medical record system of our hospital, including demographics, clinical diagnoses, past medical history, ancillary examinations and laboratory test, surgical procedures, and medication use. Treatment and management of participants were in accordance with guideline recommendations. Participants were followed up by telephone or outpatient visits within 6 months after discharge.

Inclusion criteria

• Age ≥18 and ≤85 years, with no gender restriction;
• Hemodynamic confirmation of PH via right heart catheterization (RHC) (mean pulmonary arterial pressure [mPAP] > 20 mmHg).

Exclusion criteria

• Thoracic deformities or injuries precluding proper device fit (e.g., severe scoliosis, flail chest);
• Inability to use the ReDS™ Pro non-invasive lung fluid monitor due to physical characteristics (height <155 cm or >190 cm; body mass index [BMI] <22 kg/m² or >39 kg/m²);
• Prior implantation of a left ventricular assist device or cardiac transplantation;
• Congenital cardiac anomalies or intrathoracic masses affecting right lung anatomy;
• Hemodynamic profiles inconsistent with PH.