Nociplastic Pain in Patients With Chronic Shoulder Pain

The main part of the study will include patients with chronic shoulder pain who visit the Hand Surgery-Upper Limb and Microsurgery Department of the General Hospital KAT. The measurements will be performed in one session. Once participants have been informed of the purpose and procedure of the study and given written consent, they will complete their demographics and a series of questionnaires and questions about their pain history. They will then be examined by a doctor and finally subjected to dynamometry, a functional test and two quantitative sensory tests.

Inclusion criteria

• patients (men and women) with chronic shoulder pain (lasting more than 3 months, 3/10 Numeric Pain Rating Scale),
• aged 18-65 years
• mentally able to follow instructions or
• healthy volunteers
• aged 18-65
• who do not experience pain and have not received analgesic medication in the last trimester.

Exclusion criteria

• referred shoulder pain from different primary sources of pain (eg shoulder pain in women with mastectomy or stroke),
• pain manifested by movements in the neck,
• shoulder arthroplasty or fractures or dislocation of the shoulder, -
• diagnosis of chronic pain syndrome such as fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, chronic regional pain syndrome, cancer diagnosis, osteoporosis, rheumatic inflammatory diseases,
• use of medication for neurological/psychiatric disorders,
• the presence of gastrointestinal or renal disease
• taking medication that may affect the assessment results, such as calcium channel blockers that could alter HRV,
• pregnancy or childbirth before 1 year will be excluded from the study.