Skip to main content
OpenTrials
Recruiting

NCT Number: NCT07424261

NIS to Examine Disease Activity in SLE Patients Treated With Subcutaneous Anifrolumab in Routine Care

VIOLET is a prospective, single-arm, multi-centre, non-interventional study (NIS) evaluating real-world clinical and patient-reported outcome (PRO) data in adult patients who are initiated on subcutaneous anifrolumab treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in line with the applicable european summary of product characteristics (SmPC) and neither having used anifrolumab subcutaneous (SC) or intravenous (IV) before.

Recruiting

Interested in participating?

Request Info

Key information

Conditions

Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic Autoimmune Diseases Connective Tissue Diseases Fatigue Immune System Diseases Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms Signs and Symptoms Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases

Age range

18 year–130 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Observational

Primary location

Research Site, Altenburg, Germany

Loading trial locations.

About this study

This is a prospective, single-arm, multicenter, non-interventional study (NIS) to evaluate real-world clinical and patient-reported outcomes in adult patients with SLE who are initiated on anifrolumab SC therapy in line with the applicable european summary of product characteristics (SmPC) and neither having used anifrolumab SC or IV before.

This study aims to describe disease activity of SLE assessed by key treatment goals remission (DORIS) and lupus low disease activity (LLDAS), patient-reported quality of life, patterns of concomitant medication, and clinically relevant outcomes such as flares and organ damage in SLE patients treated with anifrolumab SC in a real-life setting. The 24-month observation period is chosen to capture long-term disease activity and disease control, and evaluate concomitant medication, and organ damage accrual in routine care.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Age ≥18 years at the time of signing the informed consent
  • Diagnosis of SLE
  • Prescription of anifrolumab SC in line with the european summary of product characteristics (SmPC)
  • Prescription of anifrolumab SC was decided prior to and independently of the study
  • Signed and dated written informed consent prior to enrolment into the study
  • Willing and able to participate in all study evaluations and procedures

Exclusion criteria

  • Prior exposure to anifrolumab
  • Treatment with concurrent biologics
  • Current or planned participation in a clinical study that does not constitute routine care
  • Currently experiencing a severe or rapidly progressive Class III or IV glomerulonephritis requiring induction therapy (mycophenolate mofetil [MMF]/cyclophosphamide + high dose steroids), isolated Class V lupus nephritis (in absence of other SLE manifestations, i.e. skin/joint involvement), or active severe or unstable neuropsychiatric lupus
  • Conditions (acute or chronic) or events at the time of signing the informed consent that would limit the patient's ability to complete questionnaires or participate in this study over the period of 24 months according to the treating physician (e.g., clinically significant cognitive impairment or dementia, unstable severe psychiatric illness, uncontrolled alcohol or substance use disorder that interferes with adherence to care or other circumstances that preclude completing PROs or attending routine visits)
  • Pregnancy or breast feeding at study enrolment

Treatment and study plan

Primary outcomes

  1. Proportion and number of patients who fulfill criteria for definition of remission in SLE (DORIS remission)

    Time frame: At month 24

    To assess disease activity at month 24 by evaluating the attainment of DORIS remission following initiation of anifrolumab SC treatment

Secondary outcomes

  1. Proportion and number of patients in DORIS remission

    Time frame: During routine visits up to 24 months

    To describe the course of DORIS remission in patients initiating treatment with anifrolumab SC

  2. Proportion and number of patients who ever achieved DORIS remission

    Time frame: During routine visits up to 24 months

    To describe the course of DORIS remission in patients initiating treatment with anifrolumab SC

  3. Time (in months) to first DORIS remission among patients achieving DORIS criteria

    Time frame: Baseline up to 24 months

    To describe the course of DORIS remission in patients initiating treatment with anifrolumab SC

  4. Time (in months) spent in DORIS remission among patients achieving DORIS criteria

    Time frame: Up to 24 months

    To describe the course of DORIS remission in patients initiating treatment with anifrolumab SC

  5. Time (in months) spent in sustained DORIS remission if in remission for at least 2 consecutive routine visits among patients achieving DORIS criteria

    Time frame: Up to 24 months

    To describe the course of DORIS remission in patients initiating treatment with anifrolumab SC

  6. Proportion and number of patients attaining sustained DORIS remission among patients achieving DORIS criteria

    Time frame: At month 6 and month 12

    To describe the course of DORIS remission in patients initiating treatment with anifrolumab SC

  7. Proportion and number of patients who fulfill criteria of lupus low disease activity state (LLDAS)

    Time frame: At month 24

    To describe the course of LLDAS in patients initiating treatment with anifrolumab SC

  8. Proportion and number of patients ever achieving LLDAS criteria

    Time frame: During routine visits up to 24 months

    To describe the course of LLDAS in patients initiating treatment with anifrolumab SC

  9. Time (in months) to first achieving LLDAS criteria among patients achieving LLDAS criteria

    Time frame: Up to 24 months

    To describe the course of LLDAS in patients initiating treatment with anifrolumab SC

  10. Time (in months) spent in LLDAS among patients achieving LLDAS criteria

    Time frame: Up to 24 months

    To describe the course of LLDAS in patients initiating treatment with anifrolumab SC

  11. Time (in months) spent in sustained LLDAS if in LLDAS for at least 2 consecutive routine visits among patients achieving LLDAS criteria

    Time frame: Up to 24 months

    To describe the course of LLDAS in patients initiating treatment with anifrolumab SC

  12. Proportion and number of patients attaining sustained LLDAS

    Time frame: At month 6 and month 12

    To describe the course of LLDAS in patients initiating treatment with anifrolumab SC

  13. Change in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI-2k)

    Time frame: From Baseline to every routine visit up to 24 months during routine visits

    To describe the course of disease activity as captured by SLEDAI-2K in patients initiating treatment with anifrolumab SC.

    The SLEDAI-2K is a global index and includes 24 clinical symptoms and laboratory variables that are weighted by the type of manifestation, but not by severity or dynamic of the individual item. The SLEDAI-2K includes scoring for antibodies and low complement, as well as some renal and hematologic parameters. The total score ranges between 0 and 105, with higher scores representing increased disease activity.

  14. Change in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Score (SLE-DAS)

    Time frame: From Baseline to every routine visit up to 24 months during routine visits

    To describe the course of disease activity as captured by SLE-DAS in patients initiating treatment with anifrolumab SC.

    The Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Score (SLE-DAS) is a validated and reliable composite index that includes 17 clinical and laboratory variables capturing a broad spectrum of SLE manifestations across multiple organ systems. The SLE-DAS will use a 30-day reference window, yielding a continuous score, with higher values indicating greater disease activity.

  15. Change in Physician Global Assessment (PhGA) analog scale (0-3)

    Time frame: From Baseline to every routine visit up to 24 months during routine visits

    To describe the course of disease activity as captured by PhGA in patients initiating treatment with anifrolumab SC.

    PhGA is a single-item visual analogue scale that describes the physician assessment of a patient's disease and its impact on daily functioning at the time of assessment. The scale ranges from 0 (asymptomatic disease and no limitation of normal activities) to 3 (severe disease and limitation of normal activities).

  16. Change in Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC)/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Damage Index (SDI) score

    Time frame: Baseline up to month 24

    To describe organ involvement captured by SLICC damage index (SDI) in patients initiating treatment with anifrolumab SC. The Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index will be used to measure irreversible, accumulated organ damage from either the disease process or disease treatment, which has been present for at least 6 months, in 12 organ systems.

  17. SLE treatment patterns prior to, concomitant with and after anifrolumab

    Time frame: From Baseline (1 year pre-anifrolumab) up to 24 months

    To characterize SLE medication patterns in patients initiating treatment with anifrolumab SC

  18. Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy - Fatigue Scale (FACIT-Fatigue)

    Time frame: Baseline up to 24 months

    To describe the course of patient-reported fatigue. The FACIT-Fatigue is a 13-item questionnaire formatted for self-administration that assesses patient-reported fatigue and its impact upon daily activities and function over the past 7 days. Patients will be asked to answer each question using a 5-point verbal rating scale, with total scores ranging from 0 (most fatigued) to 52 (least fatigued).

  19. Patient Global Assessment (PtGA)

    Time frame: Baseline up to 24 months

    To describe the course of overall patient-reported quality of life. The PtGA is a single-item question that takes into account all the ways in which illness and health conditions may affect the patient at this time. The patient should consider the previous week when answering this question. Responses range from 0 (Very Well) to 100 (Very Poorly) on a visual analogue scale (VAS)

  20. Lupus Quality of Life (LupusQoL)

    Time frame: Baseline up to 24 months

    To describe the course of patient-reported SLE-specific quality of life. The LupusQoL is a validated SLE-specific HRQoL (health-related quality of life) instrument consisting of 34 items across 8 domains (Physical health, Emotional health, Body image, Pain, Planning, Fatigue, Intimate relationships, and Burden to others). The LupusQoL has a 5-point verbal rating scale, and uses a 4-week recall period. The mean raw domain score is transformed to scores ranging from 25 (worst HRQoL) to 125 (best HRQoL) by dividing by 4 and then multiplying by 100.

  21. SLE Flares assessment by modified revised Safety of Estrogens in Lupus National Assessment-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SELENA-SLEDAI) flare index (rSFI)

    Time frame: Baseline up to 24 months

    To describe frequency and intensity of flares within the observational period. The frequency and intensity of flares will be documented using the modified revised SELENA-SLEDAI Flare Index (rSFI), which detects flares and classifies severity based on changes in SLEDAI-2K. Flare will be defined as any one criterion present either the Mild/Moderate Flare or Severe Flare categories. Flares experienced by the patients since enrolment will be collected at subsequent routine visit by the physician.

Other outcomes

  1. Safety: Collection of Adverse Events (AE)

    Time frame: Up to 24 months during routine visits

    To describe the safety and tolerability of anifrolumab SC treatment. Safety evaluated based on type of Adverse Event (AE), intensity, causal relationship to treatment, duration, handling, outcome, and seriousness

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

AstraZeneca Clinical Study Information Center

CONTACT

[email protected]

1-877-240-9479

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

AstraZeneca

Industry

Registry information

Official study title

Effectiveness of Subcutaneous Anifrolumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematodes - A Non-interventional, Prospective, Multicenter Study on Disease Activity in SLE Patients Treated With Subcutaneous Anifrolumab in Routine Care

Acronym: VIOLET

Important dates

Study start
2026
Primary completion
2029
Study completion
2029
First posted
Feb 20, 2026
Registry last updated
Jun 24, 2026

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

Related clinical trials

Published trials that share one or more normalized conditions with this study.