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NCT Number: NCT06432686

Neurophysiological Effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in Persons With MS

Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) is a treatment that could potentially reduce walking problems and fatigue in persons with Multiple Sclerosis. However, extensive use of TENS in a clinical setting is hindered by a lack of neurophysiological understanding of the effects of TENS. The primary objective of this pilot study is therefore to investigate the effects of TENS on brain activity in pwMS measured with fMRI.

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Key information

About this study

This study is an exploratory study to see if we can detect changes in fMRI activity during TENS in persons with MS. This is a randomized, single-blind crossover design. Subjects will undergo an MRI scan while they receive sham stimulation of the tibialis anterior, active stimulation of the tibialis anterior, stimulation of the quadriceps, perform continuous movements of the foot (plantar & dorsiflexion) and a combination of stimulation of the tibialis anterior and movement of the foot. This study will include 15 subjects with relapsing remitting or progressive MS and 15 healthy controls. Blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) activation changes and the interaction networks before, during and after active TENS and differences in activation due to stimulation on quadriceps vs. tibialis anterior, stimulation on tibialis anterior vs plantar/dorsiflexion and stimulation on tibialis anterior vs stimulation combined with plantar/dorsiflexion. This will be compared between pwMS and healthy controls. This study can add to the limited knowledge and possibly help to personalize and implement TENS in the clinic.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: Yes

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • age: 18-65 years
  • EDSS score < 7

Exclusion criteria

  • metal or electrical implants
  • BMI > 40
  • claustrophobia
  • being pregnant
  • having a psychiatric disorder
  • having cognitive or communication problems which reduces the capacity to understand instructions
  • having a neurological disorder other than MS
  • having cardiac arrhythmia

Treatment and study plan

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation

Device

Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a safe, relatively cheap, and non-painful stimulation of the peripheral sensory and motor nerves. The stimulator is easy to operate and pwMS can apply the stimulation themselves at home. This makes TENS an interesting tool to augment sensory input. A high frequency and long pulse duration is used.

Movement

Behavioral

Participants are instructed to perform plantar- and dorsi-flexion contraction in a relatively slow tempo. The movement of the ankle is measured by an MRI-compatible potentiometer and participants receive feedback of this movement on the screen inside the scanner.

Primary outcomes

  1. BOLD activation due to TENS

    Time frame: 1 hour fMRI scan

    Blood level detection activation (BOLD) changes and interaction networks before, during and after active TENS and differences in activation due to stimulation on quadriceps vs. tibialis anterior, stimulation on tibialis anterior vs plantar/dorsiflexion and stimulation on tibialis anterior vs stimulation combined with plantar/dorsiflexion. We focus on the thalamus (integration station of sensory input), sensory cortex (sensory awareness) and motor cortices (sensorimotor integration).

Study contacts

Contact information is provided by the study sponsor or research team.

Inge Zijdewind

CONTACT

[email protected]

Nikki Dreijer

CONTACT

[email protected]

0625647172

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

University Medical Center Groningen

Other

Registry information

Official study title

Neurophysiological Effects of Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation in Persons With MS - a Pilot Study

Important dates

Study start
2025
Primary completion
2025
Study completion
2025
First posted
May 29, 2024
Registry last updated
Sep 10, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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