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Completed

NCT Number: NCT01841151

Neurofeedback and Working Memory Training for Children and Adolescents With ADHD

The purpose of this study is to investigate if neurofeedback and working memory training improves core symptoms of ADHD in children and adolescents.

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Key information

Conditions

Attention Deficit Disorder Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders Mental Disorders Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Age range

9 year–17 year

Sex eligibility

All sexes

Study type

Interventional

Phase

Not applicable

Primary location

Cap Bup-Kind

Stockholm, 11330, Sweden

About this study

This study investigates two types of Neurofeedback (NF), one well-established and well-researched protocol called Slow Cortical Potential NF (SCP), and a newer and less researched, yet popular among private clinicians, the so-called live z-score training (LZT). These methods are compared to working memory training (WMT) and a passive control condition, treatment-as-usual only (TAU). The active conditions (SCP/LZT/WMT) are delivered high frequent, with 5 sessions/week, for a total of 25 sessions.

Outcomes measures are taken at Preintervention and Postintervention, as well as at a 6-month follow-up assessment.

Who can participate

Healthy volunteers accepted: No

Only the study team can determine whether someone qualifies for participation.

Inclusion criteria

  • Clinical AD/HD diagnose according to DSM-IV-TR and K-SADS interview, 9-17 years old, unmedicated or under stable medication with stimulants or corresponding since at least one month.

Exclusion criteria

  • IQ <70 (WISC-IV or WAIS-IV), clinically instable psychiatric state e.g. severe depression, OCD, self-injurious behaviour, bipolar disorder, severe somatic (neurologic) disease, very limited knowledge in the Swedish language.

Treatment and study plan

SCP training

Behavioral

Live Z-score training

Behavioral

WM training

Behavioral

Primary outcomes

  1. Conners 3 ADHD-index

    Time frame: Up to seven months

    Presented below are the within-group differences from baseline to 6-month follow up, for the ADHD-index of the Conners-3.

    Positive numbers indicate symptom improvements.

    *The ADHD-index raw score can range from 0-20, with higher score indicating greater symptom severity. The Reliable Change Index (RCI) is 2.88.

Sponsors and collaborators

Lead sponsor

Karolinska Institutet

Other

Collaborators

  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Stockholm
  • Region Stockholm
  • Stiftelsen Sunnerdahls Handikappfond
  • Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research

Registry information

Official study title

Does Neurofeedback and Working Memory Training Improve Core Symptoms of ADHD in Children and Adolescents? A Comparative, Randomized and Controlled Study.

Acronym: KITE

Important dates

Study start
2013
Primary completion
2019
Study completion
2020
First posted
Apr 26, 2013
Registry last updated
Aug 7, 2025

OpenTrials presents study information sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov. The official registry record should be consulted for the latest information.

View the official ClinicalTrials.gov record (opens in a new tab)

This listing is for discovery and informational purposes only. It is not medical advice, does not guarantee that a study is recruiting, and does not determine eligibility. Contact the study team and a qualified healthcare professional when considering participation.

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